Introduction

بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ. الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ، وَصَلَّى الله عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ خَاتَمِ النَّبِيِّينَ، وَعَلَى جَمِيعِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَالْمُرْسَلِينَ «أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّكَ يَرْحَمُكَ اللهُ بِتَوْفِيقِ خَالِقِكَ، ذَكَرْتَ أَنَّكَ هَمَمْتَ بِالْفَحْصِ عَنْ تَعَرُّفِ جُمْلَةِ الْأَخْبَارِ الْمَأْثُورَةِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سُنَنِ الدِّينِ وَأَحْكَامِهِ، وَمَا كَانَ مِنْهَا فِي الثَّوَابِ وَالْعِقَابِ، وَالتَّرْغِيبِ وَالتَّرْهِيبِ، وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ صُنُوفِ الْأَشْيَاءِ بِالْأَسَانِيدِ الَّتِي بِهَا نُقِلَتْ، وَتَدَاوَلَهَا أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ، فَأَرَدْتَ، أَرْشَدَكَ اللهُ أَنْ تُوَقَّفَ عَلَى جُمْلَتِهَا مُؤَلَّفَةً مُحْصَاةً، وَسَأَلْتَنِي أَنْ أُلَخِّصَهَا لَكَ فِي التَّأْلِيفِ بِلَا تَكْرَارٍ يَكْثُرُ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ زَعَمْتَ مِمَّا يَشْغَلُكَ عَمَّا لَهُ قَصَدْتَ مِنَ التَّفَهُّمِ فِيهَا، وَالِاسْتِنْبَاطِ مِنْهَا، وَلِلَّذِي سَأَلْتَ أَكْرَمَكَ اللهُ حِينَ رَجَعْتُ إِلَى تَدَبُّرِهِ، وَمَا [ص:4] تَؤُولُ بِهِ الْحَالُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ عَاقِبَةٌ مَحْمُودَةٌ وَمَنْفَعَةٌ مَوْجُودَةٌ، وَظَنَنْتُ حِينَ سَأَلْتَنِي تَجَشُّمَ ذَلِكَ أَنْ لَوْ عُزِمَ لِي عَلَيْهِ، وَقُضِيَ لِي تَمَامُهُ، كَانَ أَوَّلُ مِنْ يُصِيبُهُ نَفْعُ ذَلِكَ إِيَّايَ خَاصَّةً قَبْلَ غَيْرِي مِنَ النَّاسِ لِأَسْبَابٍ كَثِيرَةٍ يَطُولُ بِذِكْرِهَا الْوَصْفُ، إِلَّا أَنَّ جُمْلَةَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ ضَبْطَ الْقَلِيلِ مِنْ هَذَا الشَّأْنِ، وَإِتْقَانَهُ، أَيْسَرُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ مِنْ مُعَالَجَةِ الْكَثِيرِ مِنْهُ، وَلَا سِيَّمَا عِنْدَ مَنْ لَا تَمْيِيزَ عِنْدَهُ مَنِ الْعَوَامِّ، إِلَّا بِأَنْ يُوَقِّفَهُ عَلَى التَّمْيِيزِ غَيْرُهُ، فَإِذَا كَانَ الْأَمْرُ فِي هَذَا كَمَا وَصَفْنَا، فَالْقَصْدُ مِنْهُ إِلَى الصَّحِيحِ الْقَلِيلِ أَوْلَى بِهِمْ مِنَ ازْدِيَادِ السَّقِيمِ، وَإِنَّمَا يُرْجَى بَعْضُ الْمَنْفَعَةِ فِي الِاسْتِكْثَارِ مِنْ هَذَا الشَّأْنِ، وَجَمْعِ الْمُكَرَّرَاتِ مِنْهُ لِخَاصَّةٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ مِمَّنْ رُزِقَ فِيهِ بَعْضُ التَّيَقُّظِ، وَالْمَعْرِفَةِ بِأَسْبَابِهِ وَعِلَلِهِ، فَذَلِكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ يَهْجُمُ بِمَا أُوتِيَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْفَائِدَةِ فِي الِاسْتِكْثَارِ مِنْ جَمْعِهِ، فَأَمَّا عَوَامُّ النَّاسِ الَّذِينَ هُمْ بِخِلَافِ مَعَانِي الْخَاصِّ مِنْ أَهْلِ التَّيَقُّظِ وَالْمَعْرِفَةِ، فَلَا مَعْنَى لَهُمْ فِي طَلَبِ الْكَثِيرِ، وَقَدْ عَجَزُوا عَنْ مَعْرِفَةِ الْقَلِيلِ‘ثُمَّ إِنَّا إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ مُبْتَدِئُونَ فِي تَخْرِيجِ مَا سَأَلْتَ وَتَأْلِيفِهِ، عَلَى شَرِيطَةٍ سَوْفَ أَذْكُرُهَا لَكَ، وَهُوَ إِنَّا نَعْمِدُ إِلَى جُمْلَةِ مَا أُسْنِدَ مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَنَقْسِمُهَا عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَقْسَامٍ، وَثَلَاثِ طَبَقَاتٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَى غَيْرِ تَكْرَارٍ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِيَ مَوْضِعٌ لَا يُسْتَغْنَى فِيهِ عَنْ تَرْدَادِ حَدِيثٍ فِيهِ زِيَادَةُ مَعْنًى، أَوْ إِسْنَادٌ يَقَعُ إِلَى جَنْبِ إِسْنَادٍ، لِعِلَّةٍ تَكُونُ هُنَاكَ، لِأَنَّ الْمَعْنَى الزَّائِدَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الْمُحْتَاجَ [ص:5] إِلَيْهِ يَقُومُ مَقَامَ حَدِيثٍ تَامٍّ، فَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ إِعَادَةِ الْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي فِيهِ مَا وَصَفْنَا مِنَ الزِّيَادَةِ، أَوْ أَنْ يُفَصَّلَ ذَلِكَ الْمَعْنَى مِنْ جُمْلَةِ الْحَدِيثِ عَلَى اخْتِصَارِهِ إِذَا أَمْكَنَ، وَلَكِنْ تَفْصِيلُهُ رُبَّمَا عَسُرَ مِنْ جُمْلَتِهِ، فَإِعَادَتُهُ بِهَيْئَتِهِ إِذَا ضَاقَ ذَلِكَ أَسْلَمُ، فَأَمَّا مَا وَجَدْنَا بُدًّا مِنْ إِعَادَتِهِ بِجُمْلَتِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ حَاجَةٍ مِنَّا إِلَيْهِ، فَلَا نَتَوَلَّى فِعْلَهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى فَأَمَّا الْقِسْمُ الْأَوَّلُ، فَإِنَّا نَتَوَخَّى أَنْ نُقَدِّمَ الْأَخْبَارَ الَّتِي هِيَ أَسْلَمُ مِنَ الْعُيُوبِ مِنْ غَيْرِهَا، وَأَنْقَى مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَ نَاقِلُوهَا أَهْلَ اسْتِقَامَةٍ فِي الْحَدِيثِ، وَإِتْقَانٍ لِمَا نَقَلُوا، لَمْ يُوجَدْ فِي رِوَايَتِهِمْ اخْتِلَافٌ شَدِيدٌ، وَلَا تَخْلِيطٌ فَاحِشٌ، كَمَا قَدْ عُثِرَ فِيهِ عَلَى كَثِيرٍ مِنَ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ، وَبَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي حَدِيثِهِمْ‘، وَقَدْ ذُكِرَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهَا، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ نُنَزِّلَ النَّاسَ مَنَازِلَهُمْ مَعَ مَا نَطَقَ بِهِ الْقُرْآنُ، مِنْ قَوْلِ اللهُ تَعَالَى: {وَفَوْقَ كُلِّ ذِي عِلْمٍ عَلِيمٌ} [يوسف: 76]، فَعَلَى نَحْوِ مَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنَ الْوُجُوهِ، نُؤَلِّفُ مَا سَأَلْتَ مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ [ص:7]، فَأَمَّا مَا كَانَ مِنْهَا عَنْ قَوْمٍ هُمْ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ مُتَّهَمُونَ، أَوْ عِنْدَ الْأَكْثَرِ مِنْهُمْ، فَلَسْنَا نَتَشَاغَلُ بِتَخْرِيجِ حَدِيثِهِمْ، كَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مِسْوَرٍ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ، وَعَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ، وَعَبْدِ الْقُدُّوسِ الشَّامِيِّ، وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْمَصْلُوبِ، وَغِيَاثِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَبِي دَاوُدَ النَّخَعِيِّ، وَأَشْبَاهِهِمْ مِمَّنِ اتُّهِمَ بِوَضْعِ الْأَحَادِيثِ، وَتَوْلِيدِ الْأَخْبَارِ وَكَذَلِكَ، مَنِ الْغَالِبُ عَلَى حَدِيثِهِ الْمُنْكَرُ، أَوِ الْغَلَطُ أَمْسَكْنَا أَيْضًا عَنْ حَدِيثِهِمْ، وَعَلَامَةُ الْمُنْكَرِ فِي حَدِيثِ الْمُحَدِّثِ، إِذَا مَا عُرِضَتْ رِوَايَتُهُ لِلْحَدِيثِ عَلَى رِوَايَةِ غَيْرِهِ مَنْ أَهْلِ الْحِفْظِ وَالرِّضَا، خَالَفَتْ رِوَايَتُهُ رِوَايَتَهُمْ، أَوْ لَمْ تَكَدْ تُوَافِقُهَا، فَإِذَا كَانَ الْأَغْلَبُ مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ كَذَلِكَ كَانَ مَهْجُورَ الْحَدِيثِ، غَيْرَ مَقْبُولِهِ، وَلَا مُسْتَعْمَلِهِ، فَمِنْ هَذَا الضَّرْبِ مِنَ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ: عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَرَّرٍ، وَيَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ، وَالْجَرَّاحُ بْنُ الْمِنْهَالِ أَبُو الْعَطُوفِ، وَعَبَّادُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، وَحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ ضُمَيْرَةَ، وَعُمَرُ بْنُ صُهْبَانَ، وَمَنْ نَحَا نَحْوَهُمْ فِي رِوَايَةِ الْمُنْكَرِ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ، فَلَسْنَا نُعَرِّجُ عَلَى حَدِيثِهِمْ، وَلَا نَتَشَاغَلُ بِهِ، لِأَنَّ حُكْمَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، وَالَّذِي نَعْرِفُ مِنْ مَذْهَبِهِمْ فِي قَبُولِ مَا يَتَفَرَّدُ بِهِ الْمُحَدِّثُ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ شَارَكَ الثِّقَاتِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَالْحِفْظِ فِي بَعْضِ مَا رَوَوْا، وَأَمْعَنَ فِي ذَلِكَ عَلَى الْمُوَافَقَةِ لَهُمْ، فَإِذَا وُجِدَ كَذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ زَادَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا لَيْسَ عِنْدَ أَصْحَابِهِ قُبِلَتْ زِيَادَتُهُ، فَأَمَّا مَنْ تَرَاهُ يَعْمِدُ لِمِثْلِ الزُّهْرِيِّ فِي جَلَالَتِهِ، وَكَثْرَةِ أَصْحَابِهِ الْحُفَّاظِ الْمُتْقِنِينَ لِحَدِيثِهِ وَحَدِيثِ غَيْرِهِ، أَوْ لِمِثْلِ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، وَحَدِيثُهُمَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مَبْسُوطٌ مُشْتَرَكٌ، قَدْ نَقَلَ أَصْحَابُهُمَا عَنْهُمَا حَدِيثَهُمَا عَلَى الِاتِّفَاقِ مِنْهُمْ فِي أَكْثَرِهِ، فَيَرْوِي عَنْهُمَا، أَوْ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا الْعَدَدَ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ مِمَّا لَا يَعْرِفُهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِمَا، وَلَيْسَ مِمَّنْ قَدْ شَارَكَهُمْ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِمَّا عِنْدَهُمْ، فَغَيْرُ جَائِزٍ قَبُولُ حَدِيثِ هَذَا الضَّرْبِ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ‘«قَدْ شَرَحْنَا مِنْ مَذْهَبِ الْحَدِيثِ وَأَهْلِهِ بَعْضَ مَا يَتَوَجَّهُ بِهِ مَنْ أَرَادَ سَبِيلَ الْقَوْمِ، وَوُفِّقَ لَهَا، وَسَنَزِيدُ، إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى شَرْحًا وَإِيضَاحًا فِي مَوَاضِعَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ عِنْدَ ذِكْرِ الْأَخْبَارِ الْمُعَلَّلَةِ، إِذَا أَتَيْنَا عَلَيْهَا فِي الْأَمَاكِنِ الَّتِي يَلِيقُ بِهَا الشَّرْحُ وَالْإِيضَاحُ، إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى، وَبَعْدُ، يَرْحَمُكَ اللهُ، فَلَوْلَا الَّذِي رَأَيْنَا مِنْ سُوءِ صَنِيعِ كَثِيرٍ مِمَّنْ نَصَبَ نَفْسَهُ مُحَدِّثًا، فِيمَا يَلْزَمُهُمْ مِنْ طَرْحِ الْأَحَادِيثِ الضَّعِيفَةِ، وَالرِّوَايَاتِ الْمُنْكَرَةِ، وَتَرْكِهِمُ الِاقْتِصَارَ عَلَى الْأَحَادِيثِ الصَّحِيحَةِ الْمَشْهُورَةِ مِمَّا نَقَلَهُ الثِّقَاتُ الْمَعْرُوفُونَ بِالصِّدْقِ وَالْأَمَانَةِ، بَعْدَ مَعْرِفَتِهِمْ وَإِقْرَارِهِمْ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ أَنَّ كَثِيرًا مِمَّا يَقْذِفُونَ بِهِ إِلَى الْأَغْبِيَاءِ مِنَ النَّاسِ هُوَ مُسْتَنْكَرٌ، وَمَنْقُولٌ عَنْ قَوْمٍ غَيْرِ مَرْضِيِّينَ مِمَّنْ ذَمَّ الرِّوَايَةِ عَنْهُمْ أَئِمَّةُ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ مِثْلُ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، وَشُعْبَةَ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ، وَسُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ، وَيَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانِ، وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ، وَغَيْرِهِمْ مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ، لِمَا سَهُلَ عَلَيْنَا الِانْتِصَابُ لِمَا سَأَلْتَ مِنَ التَّمْيِيزِ، وَالتَّحْصِيلِ، وَلَكِنْ مِنْ أَجْلِ مَا أَعْلَمْنَاكَ مِنْ نَشْرِ الْقَوْمِ الْأَخْبَارِ الْمُنْكَرَةِ بِالْأَسَانِيدِ الضِّعَافِ الْمَجْهُولَةِ، وَقَذْفِهِمْ بِهَا إِلَى الْعَوَامِّ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْرِفُونَ عُيُوبَهَا، خَفَّ عَلَى قُلُوبِنَا إِجَابَتُكَ إِلَى مَا سَأَلْتَ

In the Name of Allah, the Merciful, the Beneficent - All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and the [praiseworthy] end is for those who fear Him; and may Allah send blessings upon Muhammad, seal of the Prophets, and upon all the Prophets and Messengers. As for what follows: Indeed you mentioned, may Allah have mercy on you, by the guidance of your Creator, that you were interested in an examination of what is known of all the transmitted reports on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings upon him, regarding traditions of the Dīn, its rulings, and everything from it regarding rewards, punishments, motivations, admonishments, and other descriptive topics through chains of narration which were related by and circulated between Ahl ul-Ilm. Thus you wished, may Allah guide you aright, to be informed about all of [the transmitted reports] in the form of a calculated composition and you asked me to abridge [it] for you in writing without a great amount of repetition. You allege that [much repetition] would distract you from what you intended in terms of understanding and deriving rulings from [the reports]. And because of that which you have asked, may Allah be generous with you, when I am attributed to its successful management and whatever condition can be construed by it, if Allah wills, (it will lead to) a praiseworthy ending and obtainable benefit. I thought at the time you asked me to undertake that [task]- if it was determined for me to do so, and preordained for me to complete it- that the first to benefit from that would be me specifically before anyone else and this is due to a great number of reasons which are too lengthy to describe except [to say] that in summary, having precision regarding a select few [narrations], and accuracy in them, is easier for a person than to undertake of a great number of them, and especially for one who is indistinguishable in it from the common people [in this matter] unless someone else informs him of the distinction. If the matter is just as we described, then focusing on the few authentic narrations is worthier for them than seeking an abundance of weak narrations. Although indeed it is hoped for that some benefit is attained by seeking after a large number [of Ḥadīth] of this type, and gathering the repetitions for them, but only for the elite who are endowed with some awareness and knowledge in their means [of ascertaining authenticity] and defects. Thus that, if Allah wills, will happen through whatever will be brought to bear of that [awareness, distinction, knowledge of the means, and defects] on the advantage in seeking large numbers of [the various categories of Ḥadīth]. And as for the common people who are different from the elite in terms of awareness and knowledge, then it is senseless for them to seek large numbers [of various categories of Ḥadīth], while they are unaware of the few [Sahīh]. Then we, if Allah wills, will begin to extract and compose what you have asked upon conditions which we shall mention to you. We set ourselves upon the entirety of what is transmitted from the reports on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings upon him. Then we divided it up into three sections and three levels of people without repetition except: 1) When coming to a point where it was essential to repeat a narration in which there is an addition that clarifies the meaning of the first one; or 2) When there is a second chain that supports the first one in some hidden defect present since the additional significance in the second Ḥadīth assumes the position of a complete Ḥadīth. Repeating narrations which have the kind of ‘addition’ we described is inevitable [since it eliminates the perceived hidden defect of the first narration]; or that significance [of the addition] is separated from the entire narration by abbreviating it when it is possible [to understand the significance from a small part of the narration], however separating the relevant part of the narration from the rest might make it difficult to understand the link between them, so repeating it in its original form when that proves difficult is safest. Thus when we find that it is avoidable to repeat the narrations in their entirety we take care not to do so, if Allah wills. As for the first category, we aspired to advance the report which is safer from defects than any others, and is purified due to being related by people of integrity in Ḥadīth, and certitude for what they relate; there are no strong disputes found [compared to the reports of other Thiqāt] regarding their transmissions, and no excessive inconsistencies [in their own reports] - just as is the case regarding a great number of Muhaddithīn and which appears in their narrations. Thus when we examined reports of this description from the people, we also came across reports in whose chains there fell some of those who are not described with memorization and precision, like those of the previous description before them. Although they fell below what we described [from the first group], they still have the designation of protection [from ill-repute] and truthfulness; and they acquired knowledge, included among them are the likes of Atā’ bin is-Sā’ib, and Yazīd bin Abī Ziyād, and Layth bin Abī Sulaym, from among the carriers of Āthār and the relaters of Akhbār. So even though they possessed what we described of knowledge, protection and being known as scholars among Ahl ul-Ilm, their contemporaries who we mentioned as precise and sound in transmission were above them in status and rank because this [the first category] is a high rank and sublime characteristic according to Ahl ul-Ilm. Do you not see that when you weigh these three people we mentioned- Atā’, Yazīd, and Layth- with Mansūr bin il-Mu’tamir, Sulaymān al-A’mash and Ismā’īl bin Abī Khālid in regards to precision in Ḥadīth and soundness in it, you will find them distinct from others and not near them [in rank?]- there is no doubt regarding that among the people knowledgeable in Ḥadīth since the soundness of the memorization of Mansūr, al-A’mash, and Ismā’īl, and their precision in Ḥadīth was well-known among [the people knowledgeable in Ḥadīth] and they were not aware of examples of that from Atā’, Yazīd, and Layth. Upon the same course as the above, when you weigh between the two levels like Ibn Awn and Ayyūb as-Sakhtiyānī with Awf ibn Abī Jamīlah and Ash’ath al-Humrānī- and all 4 are companions of al-Hasan and Ibn Sīrīn- there is disparity between the two groups. Between these two groups is a distance in terms of perfection of virtue and soundness of reporting even though Awf and Ash’ath are not repelled from [the status] of truthfulness and honesty according to Ahl ul-Ilm, rather the situation is as we described regarding their position. We only mentioned these examples by way of naming them specifically so that their examples might be an indication for whoever is ignorant of the path to return to understanding of Ahl ul-Ilm regarding the ranking of its people. Thus there is no shortchanging the men of elevated rank any amount of what is due his level, and there is no elevation of those who are lower any amount of knowledge above his position- and each who possesses the right is given his right and is settled in his rank. It has been mentioned on authority of Ā’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, that she said: ‘The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, ordered us to afford people their (rightful) positions according to what the Qur’ān states: {And above all who possess knowledge is another who is knowledgeable}[Yūsuf: 76] . Thus based on the example of what we mentioned [regarding the narrators of Hifẓ and Itqān, and narrations which lack excessive inconsistency or strong contradiction], we compiled what you asked for of [those kind] of reports on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him. As for anything of that wherein the people were charged [with some criticism] by the people of Ḥadīth, or by the majority of [the people of Ḥadīth], then we did not preoccupy ourselves with bringing forward their narrations, such as Abd Allah ibn Miswar Abī Ja’far il-Madā’inī, Amr bin Khālid, Abd il-Quddūs ash-Shāmī, Muhammad ibn Sa’īd il-Maslūb, Ghiyāth ibn Ibrāhīm, Sulaymān bin Amr Abī Dāwud an-Nakha’ī, and those like them whereof they were accused of fabricating narrations and manufacturing reports; and like that are those whose narrations are dominated with Munkar, or mistakes- we withheld from their narrations as well. An indication of Munkar in the narration of a Muhaddith is when his transmission differs with the transmission of a Muhaddith from the people of memorization and acceptance, or does not agree with it when the two are compared. When the majority of a person’s narrations are like that, he is abandoned [Mahjūr] in Ḥadīth, and not accepted in it, and his narrations are not acted upon. The following are those Muhaddithīn who are among this group: Abd Allah ibn Muharrar, Yahyā bin Abī Unaysah, Al-Jarrāh bin ul-Minhāl Abūl-Atūf, Abbād bin Kathīr, Husayn bin Abd Illah ibn Ḍumayrah, Umar bin Suhbān, and those of the same type in terms of transmission of Munkar Ḥadīth. We did not pause upon their narrations or preoccupy ourselves with them due to the ruling of Ahl ul-Ilm. That which we are aware of from their school of thought in accepting what is singularly reported by a Muhaddith from the narrations is that (the Muhaddith) took part along with the trustworthy narrators from Ahl ul-Ilm wal-Hifẓ in transmitting some of what they transmitted, and [the Muhaddith] is predominantly in agreement with them; when one is found like that, then if he adds to [the transmission] anything not found with his companions, then his addition is accepted. As for those who you see resorting to the likes of az-Zuhrī due to his greatness, and due to the great number of his companions being among the precise Huffāẓ, [resorting to] his Ḥadīth and the Ḥadīth of those like him, or to the likes of Hishām ibn Urwah, then their Ḥadīth are extensively shared among Ahl ul-Ilm. The greater majority of their companions related their Ḥadīth in agreement with one another [with few having contradictions]. Thus to transmit from [Urwah and az-Zuhrī], or one of them, from among the multitude of Ḥadīth, what is not known among any of their companions, and [the Rāwī] is not of those who share in the Sahīh narrations [found] among them, then it is not allowed to accept the narrations of this category of people, and Allah knows best. We have explained from the school of Ḥadīth and its people some of what those who wish to traverse the path of [the Muhaddithīn] should aim for, and be guided towards. We will, if Allah wills, add to the explanation and clarification in another place in this book upon the mention of defective reports [Mu’allalah] when we come to it, in the places where explanation and clarification are appropriate, if Allah wills. And what follows: May Allah have mercy on you, if not for that which we saw of an evil act, largely from those who claim to be Muhaddithīn, in what they were supposed to adhere to when putting forward weak narrations and abominable transmissions and their neglect for the investigation of famous Sahīh narrations related by the trustworthy narrators, well-known for their truthfulness and honesty, after knowledge of them and affirmation with their tongues, that a great many of [weak and abominable narrations] which were cast towards heedless people are denounced and spoken of as not acceptable whereof the A’immah of the people of Ḥadīth criticized their transmissions- A’immah like Mālik ibn Anas, Shu’bat bin al-Hajjāj, Sufyān bin Uyaynah, Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān, Abd ir-Rahman ibn Mahdī, and other A’immah- then the establishment of what you asked for of distinction [between the types of Ḥadīth] and collection [of those which were Sahīh] would be easy for us. However on account of what we informed you of regarding the people’s circulation of abominable reports with weak, unknown chains, and their casting them towards the common people who are not aware of their defects, responding to what you asked became lighter upon our hearts.

وَاعْلَمْ وَفَّقَكَ اللهُ تَعَالَى أَنَّ الْوَاجِبَ عَلَى كُلِّ أَحَدٍ عَرَفَ التَّمْيِيزِ بَيْنَ صَحِيحِ الرِّوَايَاتِ وَسَقِيمِهَا، وَثِقَاتِ النَّاقِلِينَ لَهَا مِنَ الْمُتَّهَمِينَ، أَنْ لَا يَرْوِيَ مِنْهَا إِلَّا مَا عَرَفَ صِحَّةَ مَخَارِجِهِ، وَالسِّتَارَةَ فِي نَاقِلِيهِ، وَأَنْ يَتَّقِيَ مِنْهَا مَا كَانَ مِنْهَا عَنْ أَهْلِ التُّهَمِ وَالْمُعَانِدِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبِدَعِ‘وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَى أَنَّ الَّذِي قُلْنَا مِنْ هَذَا هُوَ اللَّازِمُ دُونَ مَا خَالَفَهُ، قَوْلُ اللهُ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ جَاءَكُمْ فَاسِقٌ بِنَبَأٍ فَتَبَيَّنُوا أَنْ تُصِيبُوا قَوْمًا بِجَهَالَةٍ فَتُصْبِحُوا عَلَى مَا فَعَلْتُمْ نَادِمِينَ} [الحجرات: 6]، وَقَالَ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ: {مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الشُّهَدَاءِ} [البقرة: 282]، وَقَالَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {وَأَشْهِدُوا ذَوَيْ عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ} [الطلاق: 2]، فَدَلَّ بِمَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنْ هَذِهِ الْآيِ أَنَّ خَبَرَ الْفَاسِقِ سَاقِطٌ غَيْرُ مَقْبُولٍ، وَأَنَّ شَهَادَةَ غَيْرِ الْعَدْلِ مَرْدُودَةٌ، وَالْخَبَرُ وَإِنْ فَارَقَ مَعْنَاهُ مَعْنَى الشَّهَادَةِ فِي بَعْضِ الْوُجُوهِ، فَقَدْ يَجْتَمِعَانِ فِي أَعْظَمِ مَعَانِيهِمَا، إِذْ كَانَ خَبَرُ الْفَاسِقِ غَيْرَ مَقْبُولٍ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ كَمَا أَنَّ شَهَادَتَهُ مَرْدُودَةٌ عِنْدَ جَمِيعِهِمْ، وَدَلَّتِ السُّنَّةُ عَلَى نَفْيِ رِوَايَةِ الْمُنْكَرِ مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ كَنَحْوِ دَلَالَةِ الْقُرْآنِ عَلَى نَفْيِ خَبَرِ الْفَاسِقِ وَهُوَ الْأَثَرُ الْمَشْهُورُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «مَنْ حَدَّثَ عَنِّي بِحَدِيثٍ يُرَى أَنَّهُ كَذِبٌ، فَهُوَ أَحَدُ الْكَاذِبِينَ». حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ أَيْضًا، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، وَسُفْيَانَ، عَنْ حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ مَيْمُونِ بْنِ أَبِي شَبِيبٍ، عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ، قَالَا: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَلِكَ

Know - may Allah, exalted is He, grant you success – that what is obligatory upon everyone who is aware of the distinction between the Sahīh transmissions and their weak, the trustworthy narrators from those who stand accused, is to not transmit from them except what is known for the soundness of its emergence and the protection of its narrators; and that they fear what may be from those accused (of deficiency in narrating) and the stubborn people of innovation. The proof that what we have said is required above what opposes it is in the verse: {Oh you who believe! If a sinful person comes to you with news, then verify it lest you afflict people through ignorance then you become sorry about what you did}[al-Hujurāt: 6]; and the verse: {… from whom you are pleased with from the witnesses}[al-Baqarah: 282] and the verse: {And let two who possess integrity among you bare witness}[at-Talāq: 2]. Thus it demonstrates what we mentioned from these two verses that the report of the sinful is dropped and not accepted, and that the testimony [Shahādah] of one who does not possess integrity is rejected, and the report [Khabar] as well- even though its significance is separated from the meaning of testimony in some respects, they are in agreement regarding the overall conditions they share since the report of the sinful is not acceptable according to Ahl ul-Ilm just as his testimony is rejected according to all of them . The Sunnah demonstrates the prohibition of transmitting abominable transmissions just as in the example from the Qur’ān regarding the prohibition of the report of the sinful. There is a famous narration on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, that: ‘Whoever relates on my authority a narration while aware that it is a lie, then he is one of the liars’ . Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated it to us that Wakī narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah, on authority of al-Hakam, on authority of Abd ir-Rahman ibn Abī Laylā, on authority of Samurah bin Jundab. And also Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah narrated to us, that Wakī narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah and Sufyān, on authority of Habīb, on authority of Maymūn ibn Abī Shabīb, on authority of al-Mughīrat ibn Shu’bah, they both said that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said the same thing.

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا غُنْدَرٌ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، وَابْنُ بَشَّارٍ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ حِرَاشٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَخْطُبُ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا تَكْذِبُوا عَلَيَّ، فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يَكْذِبْ عَلَيَّ يَلِجِ النَّارَ»

He heard `Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, giving a Khutbah and he said that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said: ‘Do not lie upon me; indeed whoever lies upon me will enter the Fire’.

Narrated by Abu Bakr Ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us that Ghundar narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah; and Muhammad bin ul-Muthannā and Ibn Bashār both narrated to us, they said: Muhammad bin Ja’far narrated to us, Shu’bah narrated to us, on authority of Mansur, on authority of Rab’iy ibn Hirāsh, that

وحَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عُلَيَّةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنَّهُ لَيَمْنَعُنِي أَنْ أُحَدِّثَكُمْ حَدِيثًا كَثِيرًا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: «مَنْ تَعَمَّدَ عَلَيَّ كَذِبًا، فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ»

He said: "Indeed what prevents me from relating to you a great number of Hadith is that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said: ‘Whoever intends to lie upon me, then let him take his seat in the Fire."

Narrated by Zuhayr bin Harb narrated to me, Ismā’īl, rather, Ibn Ulayyah narrated to us, on authority of Abd il-Azīz Ibn Suhayb, on authority of Anas bin Mālik ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌, that

وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الْغُبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي حَصِينٍ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ كَذَبَ عَلَيَّ مُتَعَمِّدًا، فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ» وَحَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ السَّعْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الأَسَدِيُّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ الأَسَدِيِّ، عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِمِثْلِهِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ ‏ "‏ إِنَّ كَذِبًا عَلَىَّ لَيْسَ كَكَذِبٍ عَلَى أَحَدٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

He said, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said: ‘Whoever lies upon me intentionally, then let him take his seat in the Fire’. ’ Ali bin Hujr as-Sa’di narrated to us, Ali bin Mushir narrated to us, Muhammad bin Qays il-Asadi informed us, on authority of Ali ibn Rabi’at al-Asadi, on authority of al-Mughirat ibn Shu’bah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him a similar narration, however he did not mention the words ‘Indeed a lie upon me is not like a lie upon anyone else’.

Narrated by Muhammad bin Ubayd il-Ghubarī narrated to us, Abū Awānah narrated to us, on authority of Abī Hasīn, on authority of Abī Sālih, on authority of Abū Hurayrah ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌

وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ، قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ وَالْمُغِيرَةُ أَمِيرُ الْكُوفَةِ، قَالَ: فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ كَذِبًا عَلَيَّ لَيْسَ كَكَذِبٍ عَلَى أَحَدٍ، فَمَنْ كَذَبَ عَلَيَّ مُتَعَمِّدًا، فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ»

He said: ‘I arrived at the Masjid and al-Mughīrah, the Amīr of al-Kūfah said: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, saying, ‘Indeed a lie upon me is not like a lie upon anyone else, for whoever lies upon me intentionally, then he shall take his seat in the Fire’.’ ’

Narrated by Muhammad bin Abd Allah ibn Numayr narrated to us, my father narrated to us, Sa’id bin Ubayd narrated to us, Ali bin Rabi’ah narrated to us

وحَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ السَّعْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الْأَسَدِيُّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ الْأَسَدِيِّ، عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمِثْلِهِ، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ: «إِنَّ كَذِبًا عَلَيَّ لَيْسَ كَكَذِبٍ عَلَى أَحَدٍ»

However he did not mention the words ‘Indeed a lie upon me is not like a lie upon anyone else’.

Narrated by Ali bin Hujr as-Sa’di narrated to us, Alī bin Mushir narrated to us, Muhammad bin Qays il-Asadi informed us, on authority of Ali ibn Rabi’at al-Asadi, on authority of al-Mughirat ibn Shu’bah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him a similar narration

وَحَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ خُبَيْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ كَذِبًا أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ»

He said, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said: ‘It is enough of a lie for a man to narrate everything he hears’.

Narrated by Ubayd Allah bin Mu’ādh al-Anbarī narrated to us, my father narrated to us; and Muhammad bin ul-Muthannā narrated to us, Abd ur-Rahman bin Mahdī both narrated to us: Shu’bah narrated to us, on authority of Khubayb bin Abd ir-Rahman, on authority of Hafs bin Āsim, on authority of Abī Hurayrah

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَفْصِ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ خُبَيْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ

Abū Bakr bin Abī Shaybah narrated to us, Alī bin Hafs narrated to us, Shu’bah narrated to us, on authority of Khubayb bin Abd ir-Rahman, on authority of Hafs bin Āsim, on authority of Abī Hurayrah, on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, the same as that.

وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَخْبَرَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ: «بِحَسْبِ الْمَرْءِ مِنَ الْكَذِبِ أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ»

He said, Umar bin ul-Khattāb, may Allah be pleased with him, said: ‘It is enough of a lie for a man that he narrates everything he hears’.

Narrated by Yahyā bin Yahyā narrated to us, Hushaym informed us, on authority of Sulaymān at-Taymī, on authority of Abī Uthmān an-Nahdī

وحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَرْحٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ لِي مَالِكٌ: «اعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ يَسْلَمُ رَجُلٌ حَدَّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ، وَلَا يَكُونُ إِمَامًا أَبَدًا وَهُوَ يُحَدِّثُ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ»

He said, Mālik said to me: "Know that a man who relates everything he hears is not safe, and he can never be an Imām, as long as he narrates everything he hears".

Narrated by Abūt-Tāhir Ahmad bin Amr bin Sarh narrated to me, he said, Ibn Wahb narrated to us

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: «بِحَسْبِ الْمَرْءِ مِنَ الْكَذِبِ أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ»

He said: "It is enough of a lie for a man that he narrates everything he hears".

Narrated by Muhammad bin ul-Muthannā narrated to us, he said Abd ur-Rahman narrated to us, he said Sufyān narrated to us, on authority of Abī Ishāq, on authority of Abīl-Ahwas, on authority of Abd Illah

وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ، يَقُولُ: «لَا يَكُونُ الرَّجُلُ إِمَامًا يُقْتَدَى بِهِ حَتَّى يُمْسِكَ عَنْ بَعْضِ مَا سَمِعَ»

He said I heard Abd ar-Rahman bin Mahdī saying: "A man cannot be an Imām whose example is followed until he with holds from some of what he hears".

Narrated by Muhammad bin ul-Muthannā narrated to us

وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَخْبَرَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُقَدَّمٍ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلَنِي إِيَاسُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي أَرَاكَ قَدْ كَلِفْتَ بِعِلْمِ الْقُرْآنِ، فَاقْرَأْ عَلَيَّ سُورَةً، وَفَسِّرْ حَتَّى أَنْظُرَ فِيمَا عَلِمْتَ، قَالَ: فَفَعَلْتُ، فَقَالَ لِيَ: احْفَظْ عَلَيَّ مَا أَقُولُ لَكَ: «إِيَّاكَ وَالشَّنَاعَةَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ، فَإِنَّهُ قَلَّمَا حَمَلَهَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا ذَلَّ فِي نَفْسِهِ، وَكُذِّبَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ»

He said: ‘Iyās bin Mu’āwiyah asked me saying: ‘Indeed I see that you love knowledge of the Qur’ān, so recite for me a Sūrah and explain it until I can reflect on what you know’. [Sufyān] said, so I did that, and [Iyās] said to me: ‘Memorize from me what I am about to say to you- Beware of abominations in Ḥadīth for indeed rarely does anyone convey them except he lowers himself and his Ḥadīth are denied’.’

Narrated by Yahyā bin Yahyā narrated to us, Umar bin Alī bin Muqaddam informed us, on authority of Sufyān bin Husayn

وحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ، وَحَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَا: أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ: «مَا أَنْتَ بِمُحَدِّثٍ قَوْمًا حَدِيثًا لَا تَبْلُغُهُ عُقُولُهُمْ، إِلَّا كَانَ لِبَعْضِهِمْ فِتْنَةً»

Abdullah bin Mas’ood ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌said: "It is the case that you do not relate to the people a narration which their minds cannot grasp except that it becomes a Fitnah for some of them".

Narrated by Abūt-Tāhir and Harmalah bin Yahyā narrated to me, they said Ibn Wahb narrated to us, he said Yūnus informed me, on authority of Ibn Shihāb, on authority of Ubayd Allah bin Abd Allah bin Utbah, that

وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هَانِئٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «سَيَكُونُ فِي آخِرِ أُمَّتِي أُنَاسٌ يُحَدِّثُونَكُمْ مَا لَمْ تَسْمَعُوا أَنْتُمْ، وَلَا آبَاؤُكُمْ، فَإِيَّاكُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ»

He said: "There will be in the last of my nation a people narrating to you what you nor your fathers heard, so beware of them".

Narrated by Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Numayr and Zuhayr bin Harb narrated to me, they said Abd Allah bin Yazīd narrated to us, he said Sa’īd bin Abī Ayyūb narrated to me, he said Abū Hāni’ narrated to me, on authority of Uthmān Muslim bin Yasār, on authority of Abī Hurayrah, on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him

وحَدَّثَنِي حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ حَرْمَلَةَ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ التُّجِيبِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو شُرَيْحٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ شَرَاحِيلَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ، يَقُولُ: أَخْبَرَنِي مُسْلِمُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَكُونُ فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ دَجَّالُونَ كَذَّابُونَ، يَأْتُونَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَحَادِيثِ بِمَا لَمْ تَسْمَعُوا أَنْتُمْ، وَلَا آبَاؤُكُمْ، فَإِيَّاكُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ، لَا يُضِلُّونَكُمْ، وَلَا يَفْتِنُونَكُمْ»

The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said: ‘There will be in the end of time charlatan liars coming to you with narrations that you nor your fathers heard, so beware of them lest they misguide you and cause you tribulations’.’

Narrated by Harmalah bin Yahyā bin Abd Allah bin Harmalah bin Imrān at-Tujībī narrated to me, he said Ibn Wahb narrated to us, he said Abū Shurayh narrated to me that he heard Sharāhīl bin Yazīd saying ‘Muslim bin Yasār informed me that he heard Abā Hurayrah ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ saying

وحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْأَشَجُّ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ، عَنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ عَبْدَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ: إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ لِيَتَمَثَّلُ فِي صُورَةِ الرَّجُلِ، فَيَأْتِي الْقَوْمَ، فَيُحَدِّثُهُمْ بِالْحَدِيثِ مِنَ الْكَذِبِ، فَيَتَفَرَّقُونَ، فَيَقُولُ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ: سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا أَعْرِفُ وَجْهَهُ، وَلَا أَدْرِي مَا اسْمُهُ يُحَدِّثُ

He said, Abdullah [bin Mas’ood] said: "Indeed Satan will appear in the form of a man and he will come to the people, narrating to them false Ḥadīth, and they will then depart. Then a man among them will say: ‘I heard a man whose face I recognize but I do not know his name narrating [such and such]…"

Narrated by Abū Sa’īd al-Ashajj narrated to me, Wakī’ narrated to us, al-A’mash narrated to us, on authority of al-Musayyab bin Rāfi’, on authority of Āmir bin Abdah

وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ طَاوُسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ، قَالَ: «إِنَّ فِي الْبَحْرِ شَيَاطِينَ مَسْجُونَةً، أَوْثَقَهَا سُلَيْمَانُ، يُوشِكُ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ، فَتَقْرَأَ عَلَى النَّاسِ قُرْآنًا»

He said: "Indeed in the sea are devils chained up, whom Sulaymān shackled and they are at the point of emerging. Then they will recite a Qur’ān upon the people."

Narrated by Muhammad bin Rāfi’ narrated to me, Abd ur-Razzāq narrated to us, Ma’mar informed us, on authority of Ibn Tāwus, on authority of his father, on authority Abd Allah bin Amr bin al-Ās

وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْأَشْعَثِيُّ جَمِيعًا عَنِ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ، قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ حُجَيْرٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، قَالَ: جَاءَ هَذَا إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - يَعْنِي بُشَيْرَ بْنَ كَعْبٍ - فَجَعَلَ يُحَدِّثُهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: عُدْ لِحَدِيثِ كَذَا وَكَذَا [ص:13]، فَعَادَ لَهُ، ثُمَّ حَدَّثَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: عُدْ لِحَدِيثِ كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَعَادَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: مَا أَدْرِي أَعَرَفْتَ حَدِيثِي كُلَّهُ، وَأَنْكَرْتَ هَذَا؟ أَمْ أَنْكَرْتَ حَدِيثِي كُلَّهُ، وَعَرَفْتَ هَذَا؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: «إِنَّا كُنَّا نُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُكْذَبُ عَلَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا رَكِبَ النَّاسُ الصَّعْبَ وَالذَّلُولَ، تَرَكْنَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْهُ»

He said (Bushayr bin Ka’b) came to Ibn Abbās رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ so he set about narrating to him. Ibn Abbās رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ said to him: ‘Go back to such-and-such narration‘. Then [Bushayr] returned to it and narrated it. So [Ibn Abbās رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ] said to him: ‘Go back to such-and-such narration’. Then [Bushayr] returned to it and narrated it. Thus [Bushayr] said to him: ‘I do not know whether you know all of my Ḥadīth and you reject this one and that, or if you reject all of my Ḥadīth and know this one and that?’ Ibn Abbās رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌said to him: ‘Indeed we would be narrated to on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, at a time when one would not lie upon him, however when the people took the difficult [Munkar] and the docile [Sahīh], we abandoned listening to Ḥadīth from them’.

Narrated by Muhammad bin Abbād and Sa’īd bin Amr al-Ash’athī narrated to me on authority of Ibn Uyaynah; Sa’īd said Sufyān informed us on authority of Hishām bin Hujayr, on authority of Tāwus

وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ طَاوُسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: «إِنَّمَا كُنَّا نَحْفَظُ الْحَدِيثَ، وَالْحَدِيثُ يُحْفَظُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَمَّا إِذْ رَكِبْتُمْ كُلَّ صَعْبٍ وَذَلُولٍ، فَهَيْهَاتَ»

He said: ‘Indeed we would take Ḥadīth and they would be taken on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him. However if you take every difficult and docile [narration] then how far that is [from being upright]!

Narrated by Muhammad bin Rāfi’ narrated to me, Abd ur-Razzāq narrated to us, Ma’mar informed us, on authority of Ibn Tāwus, on authority of his father, on authority of Ibn Abbās

وحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو أَيُّوبَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ الْغَيْلَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَامِرٍ يَعْنِي الْعَقَدِيَّ، حَدَّثَنَا رَبَاحٌ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، قَالَ: جَاءَ بُشَيْرٌ الْعَدَوِيُّ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، فَجَعَلَ يُحَدِّثُ، وَيَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَجَعَلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ لَا يَأْذَنُ لِحَدِيثِهِ، وَلَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، مَالِي لَا أَرَاكَ تَسْمَعُ لِحَدِيثِي، أُحَدِّثُكَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَلَا تَسْمَعُ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: إِنَّا كُنَّا مَرَّةً إِذَا سَمِعْنَا رَجُلًا يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ابْتَدَرَتْهُ أَبْصَارُنَا، وَأَصْغَيْنَا إِلَيْهِ بِآذَانِنَا، فَلَمَّا رَكِبَ النَّاسُ الصَّعْبَ، وَالذَّلُولَ، لَمْ نَأْخُذْ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِلَّا مَا نَعْرِفُ

He said Bushayr ul-Adawī came to Ibn Abbās then he set about narrating to him, saying: ‘The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said…’, ‘the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said…’. Then it seemed that Ibn Abbās was not listening to his Ḥadīth and not reflecting on them, so [Bushayr] said: ‘Oh Ibn Abbās, why is it that I see you not listening to my Ḥadīth? I narrate to you on authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, however you are not listening’. Ibn Abbās said: ‘Indeed once upon a time we would listen to a man saying, ‘the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said…’ rushing towards him with our eyes and harkening towards him with our ears; then when the people took the difficult and the docile we no longer took from people except those whom we knew’.

Narrated by Abū Ayyūb Sulaymān bin Ubayd Allah al-Ghaylānī narrated to us, Abū Āmir, meaning al-Aqadī, narrated to us, Rabāh narrated to us, on authority of Qays bin Sa’d, on authority of Mujāhid

حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الضَّبِّيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا نَافِعُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ لِي كِتَابًا، وَيُخْفِي عَنِّي، فَقَالَ: «وَلَدٌ نَاصِحٌ أَنَا أَخْتَارُ لَهُ الْأُمُورَ اخْتِيَارًا، وَأُخْفِي عَنْهُ»، قَالَ: فَدَعَا بِقَضَاءِ عَلِيٍّ، فَجَعَلَ يَكْتُبُ مِنْهُ أَشْيَاءَ، وَيَمُرُّ بِهِ الشَّيْءُ، فَيَقُولُ: «وَاللهِ مَا قَضَى بِهَذَا عَلِيٌّ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ ضَلَّ»

He said: ‘I wrote to Ibn Abbās asking him to write something [pertaining to knowledge] for me and he withheld from me quite a bit, and said: ‘As [if he were] a sincere child, I will write for him something especially suited to his status withholding from him what would not benefit him’. [Ibn Abī Mulaykah] said: ‘So [Ibn Abbās] called for the judgment of Alī ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ [bin Abī Tālib which was a book with which Alī would pass verdicts in Kuffah], and he began to write from it [with respect to the request of Ibn Abī Mulaykah] and he came upon something [not appropriate to the station of Alī regarding the science of verdicts]. So [Ibn Abbās] said: ‘By Allah, Alī ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌did not give judgment according to this unless he was astray’.’

Narrated by Dāwud bin Amr aḍ-Ḍabbī narrated to us, Nāfi’ bin Umar narrated to us, on authority of Ibn Abī Mulaykah

حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ حُجَيْرٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، قَالَ: «أُتِيَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ بِكِتَابٍ فِيهِ قَضَاءُ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَمَحَاهُ إِلَّا قَدْرَ»، وَأَشَارَ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ بِذِرَاعِهِ.

He said: ‘A book containing judgements passed by 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, was brought to Ibn 'Abbas. He erased all of them expect a few," and Sufyan bin 'Uyaynah gestured with his hand.

Narrated by Amr an-Nāqid narrated to us, Sufyān bin Uyaynah narrated to us, on authority of Hishām bin Hujayr, on authority of Tāwus

حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: لَمَّا أَحْدَثُوا تِلْكَ الْأَشْيَاءَ بَعْدَ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ عَلِيٍّ: قَاتَلَهُمُ اللهُ، أَيَّ عِلْمٍ أَفْسَدُوا

Who said: ‘When they narrated these things after Alī, may Allah be pleased with him, a man from the companions of Alī said: ‘May Allah curse them. Did they corrupt every [type of] knowledge!?’

Narrated by Hasan bin Alī al-Hulwānī narrated to us, Yahyā bin Ādam narrated to us, Ibn Idrīs narrated to us, on authority of al-A’mash, on authority of Abī Ishāq

حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ خَشْرَمٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَيَّاشٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الْمُغِيرَةَ، يَقُولُ: «لَمْ يَكُنْ يَصْدُقُ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَنْهُ إِلَّا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ»

He said ‘I heard al-Mughīrah saying: ‘There are no Ḥadīth on authority of Alī ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌, may Allah be pleased with him, that are confirmed except from the companions of Abdullah bin Mas’ūd ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ.’

Narrated by Alī bin Khashram narrated to us, Abū Bakr, meaning Ibn Ayyāsh, informed us

حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، وَهِشَامٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَحَدَّثَنَا فُضَيْلٌ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا مَخْلَدُ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، قَالَ: «إِنَّ هَذَا الْعِلْمَ دِينٌ، فَانْظُرُوا عَمَّنْ تَأْخُذُونَ دِينَكُمْ»

He said: "Indeed this knowledge is faith, so carefully consider from whom you take your faith".

Narrated by Hasan bin ur-Rabī’ narrated to us, Hammād bin Zayd narrated to us, on authority of Ayyūb and Hishām [bin Hassān], on authority of Muhammad [bin Sīrīn] ; and Fuḍayl [bin Īyāḍ] narrated to us on authority of Hishām [bin Hassān]; he said Mukhlad bin Husayn narrated to us, on authority of Hishām [bin Hassān], on authority of Muhammad bin Sīrīn, that

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّاءَ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، قَالَ: لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَسْأَلُونَ عَنِ الْإِسْنَادِ، فَلَمَّا وَقَعَتِ الْفِتْنَةُ، قَالُوا: سَمُّوا لَنَا رِجَالَكُمْ، فَيُنْظَرُ إِلَى أَهْلِ السُّنَّةِ فَيُؤْخَذُ حَدِيثُهُمْ، وَيُنْظَرُ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْبِدَعِ فَلَا يُؤْخَذُ حَدِيثُهُمْ

He said: "They would not ask about the chains of narration, and when the Fitnah occurred, they said: 'Name for us your men'. So Ahl us-Sunnah would be regarded, and their Hadith were then taken, and Ahl ul-Bi’dah would be regarded, and their Hadith were not taken".

Narrated by Abū Ja’far Muhammad bin us-Sabbāh narrated to us, Ismā’īl bin Zakariyyā’ narrated to us, on authority of Āsim il-Ahwal, on authority of Ibn Sīrīn that

حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى وَهُوَ ابْنُ يُونُسَ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى، قَالَ: لَقِيتُ طَاوُسًا فَقُلْتُ: حَدَّثَنِي فُلَانٌ كَيْتَ وَكَيْتَ، قَالَ: «إِنْ كَانَ صَاحِبُكَ مَلِيًّا، فَخُذْ عَنْهُ»

He said: ‘I came across Tāwus ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ and said: ‘So-and-so narrated to me such-and-such’. Then he said: ‘If your companion is trustworthy, then take from him.’

Narrated by Ishāq bin Ibrāhīm al-Hanthalī narrated to us, Īsā, and he is Ibn Yūnus, informed us, al-Awzā’ī narrated to us, on authority of Sulyamān bin Mūsā

وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّارِمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَرْوَانُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الدِّمَشْقِيَّ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِطَاوُسٍ: إِنَّ فُلَانًا حَدَّثَنِي بِكَذَا وَكَذَا، قَالَ: «إِنْ كَانَ صَاحِبُكَ مَلِيًّا، فَخُذْ عَنْهُ»

He said, I said to Tāwus ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌"So-and-so narrated to me like this-and-that". He said: "If your companion is trustworthy, then take from him."

Narrated by Abdullah bin Abd ir-Rahman ad-Dārimī narrated to us, Marwān, meaning Ibn Muhammad ad-Dimashqī informed us, Sa’īd bin Abd il-Azīz narrated to us, on authority of Sulaymān bin Mūsā

حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَصْمَعِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: أَدْرَكْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ مِائَةً، كُلُّهُمْ مَأْمُونٌ، مَا يُؤْخَذُ عَنْهُمُ الْحَدِيثُ، يُقَالُ: لَيْسَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ

He said: "I met one hundred [transmitters] in al-Madīnah, each of whom were reliable. Narrations were not taken from one about who it was said, 'he is not from its people'."

Narrated by Nasr bin Alī al-Jahdhamī narrated to us, al-Asma’ī narrated to us, on authority of Ibn Abī-Zinād, on authority of his father

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ الْمَكِّيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، وحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ خَلَّادٍ الْبَاهِلِيُّ - وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ - قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ سُفْيَانَ بْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ مِسْعَرٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ سَعْدَ بْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ يَقُولُ: «لَا يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا الثِّقَاتُ»

He said, I heard Sa’d bin Ibrāhīm saying: ‘There is to be no narrating on authority of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah send blessings and peace upon him, except by trustworthy narrators (Thiqāt)’.

Narrated by Muhammad bin Abī Umar al-Makkī narrated to us, Sufyān narrated to us; and Abū Bakr bin Khallād al-Bāhilī narrated to us – and the wording is his, he said, I heard Sufyān bin Uyaynah, on authority of Mis’ar

وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ قُهْزَاذَ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَرْوَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَانَ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، يَقُولُ: «الْإِسْنَادُ مِنَ الدِّينِ، وَلَوْلَا الْإِسْنَادُ لَقَالَ مَنْ شَاءَ مَا شَاءَ‘وقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ: حَدَّثَنِي الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ أَبِي رِزْمَةَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ، يَقُولُ: «بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ [ص:16] الْقَوْمِ الْقَوَائِمُ» يَعْنِي الْإِسْنَادَ‘وقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ عِيسَى الطَّالْقَانِيَّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ: الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي جَاءَ «إِنَّ مِنَ الْبِرِّ بَعْدَ الْبِرِّ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ لِأَبَوَيْكَ مَعَ صَلَاتِكَ، وَتَصُومَ لَهُمَا مَعَ صَوْمِكَ». قَالَ: فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ: يَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ، عَمَّنْ هَذَا؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: هَذَا مِنْ حَدِيثِ شِهَابِ بْنِ خِرَاشٍ فَقَالَ: ثِقَةٌ، عَمَّنْ قَالَ؟ قُلْتُ: عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، قَالَ: ثِقَةٌ، عَمَّنْ قَالَ؟ قُلْتُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. قَالَ: يَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ، إِنَّ بَيْنَ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ وَبَيْنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَفَاوِزَ تَنْقَطِعُ فِيهَا أَعْنَاقُ الْمَطِيِّ، وَلَكِنْ لَيْسَ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ اخْتِلَافٌ‘وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ شَقِيقٍ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهُ بْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، يَقُولُ عَلَى رُءُوسِ النَّاسِ: «دَعُوا حَدِيثَ عَمْرِو بْنِ ثَابِتٍ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَسُبَّ السَّلَفَ

The chain of narration is from the Dīn, and were it not for the chain of narration whoever wished could say what he wanted’. Muhammad bin Abdullah said, al-Abbās bin Abī Rizmah narrated to me, he said I heard Abdullah [bin al-Mubārak] saying: ‘Between us and the people are ‘the legs’ (meaning the chain of narration, i.e. if a Ḥadīth was like a creature)’. Muhammad said, I heard Abā Ishāq Ibrāhīm bin Īsā at-Tālqānī say, I said to Abd Allah bin al-Mubārak: ‘Oh Abā Abd ir-Rahman! How is the Ḥadīth which goes ‘Indeed from al-Birr after al-Birr is that you pray for your parents after you pray for yourself and you fast for them both after you fast for yourself’? So [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘Oh Abā Ishāq! On whose authority is this?’ I said to him: ‘This is a Ḥadīth from Shihāb bin Khirāsh’. [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘[He is] trustworthy. On whose authority [did he transmit]?’ I said: ‘on authority of al-Hajjāj bin Dīnār’. [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘[He is] trustworthy. On whose authority [did he transmit]?’ I said: ‘He [al-Hajjāj said] the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said…’ [Ibn al-Mubārak] said: ‘Oh Abā Ishāq! Indeed between al-Hajjāj bin Dīnār and the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, is a wilderness in which the necks of the mounts are severed, however, there is no difference of opinion regarding charity [offered on behalf of one’s parents]’. Muhammad said, I heard Alī bin Shaqīq saying, I heard Abd Allah bin al-Mubārak saying in front of the people: ‘Abandon the Ḥadīth of Amr bin Thābit for indeed he would curse the Salaf [i.e., the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them]’.

Narrated by Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Quhzādh from the people of Marw narrated to us, he said I heard Abdān bin Uthmān saying, I heard Abdullah bin al-Mubārak ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ saying

وحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ النَّضْرِ بْنِ أَبِي النَّضْرِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو النَّضْرِ هَاشِمُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَقِيلٍ، صَاحِبُ بُهَيَّةَ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ، وَيَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، فَقَالَ يَحْيَى لِلْقَاسِمِ: يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّهُ قَبِيحٌ عَلَى مِثْلِكَ، عَظِيمٌ أَنْ تُسْأَلَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ هَذَا الدِّينِ، فَلَا يُوجَدَ عِنْدَكَ مِنْهُ عِلْمٌ، وَلَا فَرَجٌ - أَوْ عِلْمٌ، وَلَا مَخْرَجٌ - فَقَالَ لَهُ الْقَاسِمُ: وَعَمَّ ذَاكَ؟، قَالَ: لِأَنَّكَ ابْنُ إِمَامَيْ هُدًى. ابْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرَ، قَالَ: يَقُولُ لَهُ الْقَاسِمُ: أَقْبَحُ مِنْ ذَاكَ عِنْدَ مَنْ عَقَلَ عَنِ اللهِ أَنْ أَقُولَ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ، أَوْ آخُذَ عَنْ غَيْرُ ثِقَةٍ، قَالَ: فَسَكَتَ فَمَا أَجَابَهُ

He said: ‘I was sitting near al-Qāsim bin Ubayd Allah and Yahyā bin Sa’īd [bin Qays al-Madanī al-Qāḍī], when Yahyā said to al-Qāsim: ‘Oh Abā Muhammad! Indeed it is gravely harmful for the likes of you to be asked about something from the affair of this Dīn, and then knowledge of it is not found with you, and no relief [in the form of an answer]’ -or- ‘…knowledge and no articulation’. So al-Qāsim said [to Yahyā bin Sa’īd]: ‘Where did that come from?’ [Yahyā] said: ‘It is because you are the son of two Imāms of guidance- a descendent of Abu Bakr and Umar.’ [al-Qāsim] said to him: ‘More harmful than that- according to whoever reflects about Allah- is to speak without knowledge or to take [Ḥadīth] from someone who is not trustworthy’. [Abū Aqīl] said: ‘So [Yahyā bin Sa’īd] was quiet and did not respond to him’.

Narrated by Abū Bakr ibn in-Naḍr bin Abīn-Naḍr narrated to me, he said Abūn-Naḍr Hāshim bin ul-Qāsim narrated to me, Abū Aqīl, companion of Buhayyah, narrated to us

وحَدَّثَنِي بِشْرُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ الْعَبْدِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ سُفْيَانَ بْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ، يَقُولُ: أَخْبَرُونِي عَنْ أَبِي عَقِيلٍ صَاحِبِ بُهَيَّةَ، أَنَّ أَبْنَاءً لِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، سَأَلُوهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ فِيهِ عِلْمٌ، فَقَالَ لَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ: وَاللهِ إِنِّي لَأُعْظِمُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِثْلُكَ، وَأَنْتَ ابْنُ إِمَامَيِ الْهُدَى - يَعْنِي عُمَرَ، وَابْنَ عُمَرَ - تُسْأَلُ عَنْ أَمْرٍ لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ فِيهِ عِلْمٌ، فَقَالَ: «أَعْظَمُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَاللهِ عِنْدَ اللهِ، وَعِنْدَ مَنْ عَقَلَ عَنِ اللهِ، أَنْ أَقُولَ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ، أَوْ أُخْبِرَ عَنْ غَيْرِ ثِقَةٍ» قَالَ: وَشَهِدَهُمَا أَبُو عَقِيلٍ يَحْيَى بْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ حِينَ قَالَا ذَلِكَ

‘By Allah, indeed it is a grave matter that the likes of you, a descendent of two Imāms of guidance – meaning Umar and Ibn Umar رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ is asked about a matter and you have no knowledge of it’. So [al-Qāsim] said: ‘By Allah, more grave than that according to Allah, and to whoever reflects about Allah, is to speak without knowledge or to report on authority of one who is not trustworthy’. [Ibn Uyaynah] said that Abū Aqīl Yahyā bin al-Mutawakkil witnessed them both when they said that.

Narrated by Bishr bin ul-Hakam al-Abdī narrated to me, he said, I heard Sufyān bin Uyaynah saying, they informed me on authority of Abī Aqīl, companion of Buhayyah, that a descendent of Abdullah bin Umar رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ was asked about something that he did not have knowledge about, so Yahyā bin Sa’īd said to him

وَحَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ أَبُو حَفْصٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيَّ، وَشُعْبَةَ، وَمَالِكًا، وَابْنَ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الرَّجُلِ لَا يَكُونُ ثَبْتًا فِي الْحَدِيثِ، فَيَأْتِينِي الرَّجُلُ، فَيَسْأَلُنِي عَنْهُ، قَالُوا: «أَخْبِرْ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِثَبْتٍ»

‘I asked Sufyān ath-Thawrī , Shu’bah, Mālik, and Ibn Uyaynah about a man who is not reliable (Thabt) in Ḥadīth, and someone comes and asks me about him, and they said: ‘Inform [others] against him that he is not reliable’.’

Narrated by Amr bin Alī Abū Hafs narrated to us, he said I heard Yahyā bin Sa’īd, he said

وَحَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّضْرَ، يَقُولُ: سُئِلَ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ، عَنْ حَدِيثٍ لِشَهْرٍ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ عَلَى أُسْكُفَّةِ الْبَابِ، فَقَالَ: «إِنَّ شَهْرًا نَزَكُوهُ، إِنَّ شَهْرًا نَزَكُوهُ». قَالَ مُسْلِمٌ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: يَقُولُ: أَخَذَتْهُ أَلْسِنَةُ النَّاسِ تَكَلَّمُوا فِيهِ

Ubayd Allah bin Sa’īd narrated to us, he said, I heard an-Naḍr saying: ‘Ibn Awn was asked about the Ḥadīth of Shahr and he was standing at the threshold of the door, so [Ibn Awn] said: ‘Indeed they criticized Shahr, indeed they criticized Shahr’. Muslim, may Allah have mercy on him, said ‘He means- the tongues of men were busy criticizing him’.’

وحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا شَبَابَةُ، قَالَ: قَالَ شُعْبَةُ: «وَقَدْ لَقِيتُ شَهْرًا فَلَمْ أَعْتَدَّ بِهِ

‘I had met Shahr then abandoned transmitting from him’.

Narrated by Hajjāj bin ush-Shā’ir narrated to me, Shabābah narrated to us, he said, Shu’bah said

وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ قُهْزَاذَ، مِنْ أَهْلِ مَرْوَ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: قُلْتُ لِسُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ: إِنَّ عَبَّادَ بْنَ كَثِيرٍ مَنْ تَعْرِفُ حَالَهُ، وَإِذَا حَدَّثَ جَاءَ بِأَمْرٍ عَظِيمٍ، فَتَرَى أَنْ أَقُولَ لِلنَّاسِ: لَا تَأْخُذُوا عَنْهُ؟ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: «بَلَى»، قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ: فَكُنْتُ إِذَا كُنْتُ فِي مَجْلِسٍ ذُكِرَ فِيهِ عَبَّادٌ، أَثْنَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِي دِينِهِ، وَأَقُولُ: «لَا تَأْخُذُوا عَنْهُ» وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبِي، قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى شُعْبَةَ، فَقَالَ: هَذَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، فَاحْذَرُوهُ

‘Indeed Abbād bin Kathīr, about whose condition you are aware, when he related [narrations] he introduced a grave matter- do you believe that it should be said to the people ‘Do not take from him?’ Sufyān said: ‘Indeed!’ Abdullah [bin al-Mubārak] said: ‘So when I was in an assembly and Abbād was mentioned there, I praised him regarding his Dīn and said: ‘Do not take from him.’ Muhammad said, Abdullah bin Uthmān narrated to us, he said, my father said, Abdullah bin al-Mubārak said: ‘I ended up in an assembly of Shu’bah, and he said: ‘This is Abbād bin Kathīr so be warned against him.’

Narrated by Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Quhzādh, from the people of Marw, narrated to me, he said Alī bin Husayn bin Wāqid informed me, he said Abdullah bin al-Mubārak said, I said to Sufyān ath-Thawrī

وحَدَّثَنِي الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ مُعَلًّى الرَّازِيَّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، الَّذِي رَوَى عَنْهُ عَبَّادٌ، فَأَخْبَرَنِي عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ يُونُسَ، قَالَ: «كُنْتُ عَلَى بَابِهِ، وَسُفْيَانُ عِنْدَهُ، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهُ، فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّهُ كَذَّابٌ

‘I was at his door and Sufyān was with [Muhammad bin Sa’īd], then when he came out I asked [Sufyān] about him. So he informed me that he was a liar.’

Narrated by Al-Faḍl bin Sahl narrated to me, he said, I asked Mu’allā ar-Rāzī about Muhammad bin Sa’īd whom Abbād transmitted from, so he informed me about what Īsā bin Yūnus said

وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَتَّابٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَفَّانُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: «لَمْ نَرَ الصَّالِحِينَ فِي شَيْءٍ أَكْذَبَ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْحَدِيثِ» [ص:18] قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عَتَّابٍ: فَلَقِيتُ أَنَا مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانَ، فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ: عَنْ أَبِيهِ، «لَمْ تَرَ أَهْلَ الْخَيْرِ فِي شَيْءٍ أَكْذَبَ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْحَدِيثِ». قَالَ مُسْلِمٌ: يَقُولُ: يَجْرِي الْكَذِبُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِمْ، وَلَا يَتَعَمَّدُونَ الْكَذِبَ

‘We do not see the righteous more false in anything than they are regarding Ḥadīth’. Ibn Abī Attāb said: ‘So Muhammad bin Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān and I met and I asked him about it and he said on authority of his father: ‘You will not see the people of good (Ahl ul-Khayr) more false in anything than they are regarding Ḥadīth.’ Muslim said: ‘He was saying that falsehood flows upon their tongues although they do not intend to lie’.

Narrated by Muhammad bin Abī Attāb narrated to me, he said Affān narrated to me, on authority of Muhammad bin Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān, on authority of his father, he said

حَدَّثَنِي الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي خَلِيفَةُ بْنُ مُوسَى، قَالَ: «دَخَلْتُ عَلَى غَالِبِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ فَجَعَلَ يُمْلِي عَلَيَّ، حَدَّثَنِي مَكْحُولٌ، حَدَّثَنِي مَكْحُولٌ، فَأَخَذَهُ الْبَوْلُ، فَقَامَ فَنَظَرْتُ فِي الْكُرَّاسَةِ، فَإِذَا فِيهَا حَدَّثَنِي أَبَانُ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، وَأَبَانُ عَنْ فُلَانٍ، فَتَرَكْتُهُ، وَقُمْتُ‘قَالَ: وَسَمِعْتُ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ الْحُلْوَانِيَّ، يَقُولُ: رَأَيْتُ فِي كِتَابِ عَفَّانَ، حَدِيثَ هِشَامٍ أَبِي الْمِقْدَامِ، حَدِيثَ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، قَالَ هِشَامٌ: حَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ فُلَانٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِعَفَّانَ: إِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ هِشَامٌ، سَمِعَهُ مِنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا ابْتُلِيَ مِنْ قِبَلِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، كَانَ يَقُولُ: حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، ثُمَّ ادَّعَى بَعْدُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ

‘I entered upon Ghālib bin Ubaydullah so he began dictating to me ‘Mak’hūl narrated to me this’ and ‘Mak’hūl narrated to me that’. So he prepared to answer the call of nature and stood up, then I looked in his notebook and in it was ‘Abān narrated to me, on authority of Anas’ and ‘Abān on authority of so-and-so’. So I abandoned [listening to his Ḥadīth] and stood up [to leave]’. I heard al-Hasan bin Alī al-Hulwānī saying: ‘I saw in one of the books of Affān a Ḥadīth of Hishām Abīl-Miqdām meaning a Ḥadīth of Umar bin Abd il-Azīz. [In it was written] ‘Hishām said: ‘A man said to be Yahyā bin so-and-so narrated to me, on authority of Muhammad bin Ka’b…’ [Al-Hulwānī] said, I said to Affān: ‘They would say Hishām heard it [directly] from Muhammad bin Ka’b’. So [Affān] said: ‘Indeed Hishām was stricken [with accusations of lying] with regards to this Ḥadīth for he would say ‘Yahyā narrated to me on authority of Muhammad’, then he claimed afterwards that he heard it from Muhammad [directly]’.’

Narrated by Al-Faḍl bin Sahl narrated to me, he said Yazīd bin Hārūn narrated to us, he said Khalīfah bin Mūsā informed me, he said

حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ قُهْزَاذَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ، يَقُولُ: قُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ: مَنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي رَوَيْتَ عَنْهُ حَدِيثَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو يَوْمُ الْفِطْرِ يَوْمُ الْجَوَائِزِ؟ قَالَ: «سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ انْظُرْ مَا وَضَعْتَ فِي يَدِكَ مِنْهُ‘قَالَ ابْنُ قُهْزَاذَ: وَسَمِعْتُ وَهْبَ بْنَ زَمْعَةَ، يَذْكُرُ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ: «رَأَيْتُ رَوْحَ بْنَ غُطَيْفٍ صَاحِبَ الدَّمِ قَدْرِ الدِّرْهَمِ، وَجَلَسْتُ إِلَيْهِ مَجْلِسًا، فَجَعَلْتُ أَسْتَحْيِي مِنْ أَصْحَابِي أَنْ يَرَوْنِي جَالِسًا مَعَهُ كُرْهَ حَدِيثِهِ

‘The day of Fitr is the day of prizes…’?’ [Abd Allah] said: ‘Sulaymān bin al-Hajjāj. Look at what I placed in your hands [of praise] about him’. Ibn Quhzādh said I heard Wahb bin Zam’ah mentioning about Sufyān bin Abd il-Mālik, he said, Abdullah –meaning Ibn al-Mubārak- said: ‘I saw Rawh bin Ghutayf, the companion of blood the amount of a Dirham , and I took a seat in one of his audiences. Then I began to become ashamed for my companions to see me sitting with him while his Ḥadīth are disapproved of.’

Narrated by Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Quhzādh narrated to me, he said I heard Abd Allah bin Uthmān bin Jabalah saying, I said to Abd Allah bin al-Mubārak ‘Who is this man from whom you transmit the Ḥadīth of Abdullah bin Amr

حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ قُهْزَاذَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ وَهْبًا، يَقُولُ: عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، قَالَ: بَقِيَّةُ صَدُوقُ اللِّسَانِ، وَلَكِنَّهُ يَأْخُذُ عَمَّنْ أَقْبَلَ وَأَدْبَرَ.

‘Baqiyyah [bin al-Walīd] is truthful of tongue however he transmits [Ḥadīth] from those who approach [the Muhaddithīn, i.e. are trustworthy] and from those who turn their backs on [the Muhaddithīn, i.e. and are weak]’.

Narrated by Ibn Quhzādh narrated to me, he said, I heard Wahb [bin Zam’ah] saying, on authority of Sufyān [bin Abd il-Mālik], on authority of Ibn al-Mubārak, he said

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي الْحَارِثُ الْأَعْوَرُ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، وَكَانَ كَذَّابًا

‘al-Hārith al-A’war ul-Hamdānī narrated to me, and he is a liar’.

Narrated by Qutaybah bin Sa’īd narrated to us, Jarīr narrated to us, on authority of Mughīrah, on authority of ash-Sha’bī, he said

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَامِرٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ بَرَّادٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ مُفَضَّلٍ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الشَّعْبِيَّ، يَقُولُ: حَدَّثَنِي الْحَارِثُ الْأَعْوَرُ، وَهُوَ يَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ أَحَدُ الْكَاذِبِينَ

‘al-Hārith al-A’war narrated to me,’ and he [ash-Sha’bī] was testifying that he was one of the liars’.

Narrated by Abū Āmir Abdullah bin Barrād al-Ash’arī narrated to us, Abū Usāmah narrated to us, on authority of Mufaḍḍal, on authority of Mughīrah, he said I heard ash-Sha’bī saying

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَلْقَمَةُ: «قَرَأْتُ الْقُرْآنَ فِي سَنَتَيْنِ» فَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ: «الْقُرْآنُ هَيِّنٌ الْوَحْيُ أَشَدُّ»

‘I memorized the Qur’ān in two years’. Al-Hārith said: ‘The Qur’ān is easy; the revelation [i.e. the secret revelation to Alī in the belief of the Shī’ah] is more difficult ’.

Narrated by Qutaybah bin Sa’īd narrated to us, Jarīr narrated to us, on authority of Mughīrah, on authority of Ibrāhīm [bin Yazīd an-Nakhā’ī], he said, Alqamah said

وحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ يُونُسَ، حَدَّثَنَا زَائِدَةُ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَنَّ الْحَارِثَ، قَالَ: «تَعَلَّمْتُ الْقُرْآنَ فِي ثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ، وَالْوَحْيَ فِي سَنَتَيْنِ» أَوْ قَالَ «الْوَحْيَ فِي ثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ، والْقُرْآنَ فِي سَنَتَيْنِ»

‘I studied the Qur’ān for three years and the revelation for two years’; or he said: ‘…the revelation in three years and the Qur’ān in two years

Narrated by Hajjāj bin ash-Shā’ir narrated to me, Ahmad- meaning Ibn Yūnus- narrated to us, Zā’idah narrated to us, on authority of al-A’mash, on authority of Ibrāhīm that al-Hārith said

وحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ يُونُسَ، حَدَّثَنَا زَائِدَةُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، وَالْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، «أَنَّ الْحَارِثَ اتُّهِمَ.

Hajjāj narrated to me, he said Ahmad- and he is Ibn Yūnus- narrated to me, Zā’idah narrated to us, on authority of Mansūr and al-Mughīrah, on authority of Ibrāhīm that al-Hārith was imputed.

وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ حَمْزَةَ الزَّيَّاتِ، قَالَ: سَمِعَ مُرَّةُ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، مِنَ الْحَارِثِ شَيْئًا، فَقَالَ لَهُ: «اقْعُدْ بِالْبَابِ»، قَالَ: فَدَخَلَ مُرَّةُ، وَأَخَذَ سَيْفَهُ، قَالَ: وَأَحَسَّ الْحَارِثُ بِالشَّرِّ، فَذَهَبَ

‘sit by the door’. [Hamzah] said: ‘So Murrah went inside and took his sword and al-Hārith sensed evil and left’.

Narrated by Qutaybah bin Sa’īd narrated to us, Jarīr narrated to us, on authority of Hamzah az-Zayyāt, he said: ‘Murrah al-Hamdānī heard something from al-Hārith and said to him

وحَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ لَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ: «إِيَّاكُمْ وَالْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ سَعِيدٍ، وَأَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ، فَإِنَّهُمَا كَذَّابَانِ»

‘Beware of al-Mughīrah bin Sa’īd and Abū Abd ar-Rahīm for they are both liars’.

Narrated by Ubaydullah bin Sa’īd narrated to me, Abd ur-Rahman- meaning Ibn Mahdī- narrated to us, Hammād bin Zayd narrated to us, on authority of Ibn Awn, he said, Ibrāhīm said to us

دَّثَنَا أَبُو كَامِلٍ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ وَهُوَ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَاصِمٌ، قَالَ: كُنَّا نَأْتِي أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيَّ وَنَحْنُ غِلْمَةٌ أَيْفَاعٌ، فَكَانَ يَقُولُ لَنَا: «لَا تُجَالِسُوا الْقُصَّاصَ غَيْرَ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ، وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَشَقِيقًا»، قَالَ: «وَكَانَ شَقِيقٌ هَذَا يَرَى رَأْيَ الْخَوَارِجِ، وَلَيْسَ بِأَبِي وَائِلٍ»

‘We would catch up with Abū Abd ar-Rahman as-Sulamī and at the time we were young men, so he would say to us: ‘Do not sit with story-tellers other than Abūl-Ahwas and beware of Shaqīq [Abū Abd ar-Rahīm]’. [Muslim] said: ‘This Shaqīq held the view of the Khawārij and is not Abū Wā’il [Shaqīq bin Salamah, the righteous Tabi’ī]’.

Narrated by Abū Kāmil al-Jahdarī narrated to us, Hammād- and he is Ibn Zayd- narrated to us, he said Āsim [bin Bahdalah] narrated to us, he said

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو غَسَّانَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الرَّازِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ جَرِيرًا، يَقُولُ: «لَقِيتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ الْجُعْفِيَّ فَلَمْ أَكْتُبْ عَنْهُ، كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِالرَّجْعَةِ

‘I met Jābir bin Yazīd al-Ju’fī and did not write [Ḥadīth] from him; he believed in ar-Raj’ah’ [A Rāfiḍī belief regarding Alī returning].

Narrated by Abū Ghassān Muhammad bin Amr ar-Rāzī narrated to us, he said, I heard Jarīr رضی اللہ عنہ [bin Abd al-Hamīd bin Qurt aḍ-Ḍabbī] saying

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ، حَدَّثَنَا مِسْعَرٌ، قَالَ: «حَدَّثَنَا جَابِرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْدِثَ مَا أَحْدَثَ»

‘Jābir bin Yazīd narrated to us before there took place what happened [i.e. before his false beliefs] ’.

Narrated by Al-Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, Yahyā bin Ādam narrated to us, Mis’ar narrated to us, he said

حَدَّثَنِي سَلَمَةُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ: «كَانَ النَّاسُ يَحْمِلُونَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُظْهِرَ مَا أَظْهَرَ، فَلَمَّا أَظْهَرَ مَا أَظْهَرَ اتَّهَمَهُ النَّاسُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ، وَتَرَكَهُ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ»، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: وَمَا أَظْهَرَ؟ قَالَ: «الْإِيمَانَ بِالرَّجْعَةِ»

‘The people would transmit from Jābir before there appeared what appeared, then when there appeared what appeared, the people imputed him in his Ḥadīth and some of the people abandoned him’. So it was said to [Sufyān]: ‘What appeared?’ [Sufyān] said: ‘Belief in ar-Raj’ah’.

Narrated by Salamah bin Shabīb narrated to me, al-Humaydī narrated to us, Sufyān narrated to us, he said

وحَدَّثَنَا حَسَنٌ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو يَحْيَى الْحِمَّانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا قَبِيصَةُ، وَأَخُوهُ، أَنَّهُمَا سَمِعَا الْجَرَّاحَ بْنَ مَلِيحٍ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا يَقُولُ: «عِنْدِي سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ حَدِيثٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُلُّهَا»

Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, Abū Yahyā al-Himmānī narrated to us, Qabīsah and his brother [Sufyān bin Uqbah] narrated to us, that they heard al-Jarrāh bin Malīh saying, I heard Jābir say: ‘I have 70,000 Ḥadīth all of which are on authority of Abū Ja’far on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him’.

وحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ زُهَيْرًا، يَقُولُ: قَالَ جَابِرٌ - أَوْ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا - يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ عِنْدِي لَخَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ حَدِيثٍ، مَا حَدَّثْتُ مِنْهَا بِشَيْءٍ»، قَالَ: ثُمَّ حَدَّثَ يَوْمًا بِحَدِيثٍ، فَقَالَ: «هَذَا مِنَ الْخَمْسِينَ أَلْفًا»

Hajjāj bin ash-Shā’ir narrated to me, Ahmad bin Yūnus narrated to us, he said, I heard Zuhayr saying, Jābir said, or, I heard Jābir saying: ‘Indeed I have fifty thousand Ḥadīth that I have not narrated from at all’. [Zuhayr] said: ‘Then that day he related a Ḥadīth and said, ‘This is from the fifty thousand’.

وحَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الْيَشْكُرِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْوَلِيدِ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ سَلَّامَ بْنَ أَبِي مُطِيعٍ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا الْجُعْفِيَّ، يَقُولُ: «عِنْدِي خَمْسُونَ أَلْفَ حَدِيثٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ»

I heard Sallām bin Abī Mutī’ saying, I heard Jābir al-Ju’fī saying: ‘I have fifty thousand Ḥadīth on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings upon him’.

Narrated by Ibrāhīm bin Khālid al-Yashkurī narrated to me, he said, I heard Abūl-Walīd saying,

وحَدَّثَنِي سَلَمَةُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ جَابِرًا عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ [ص:21]: {فَلَنْ أَبْرَحَ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لِي أَبِي أَوْ يَحْكُمَ اللهُ لِي وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الْحَاكِمِينَ} [يوسف: 80]، فَقَالَ جَابِرٌ: «لَمْ يَجِئْ تَأْوِيلُ هَذِهِ»، قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: وَكَذَبَ، فَقُلْنَا لِسُفْيَانَ: وَمَا أَرَادَ بِهَذَا؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ الرَّافِضَةَ تَقُولُ: إِنَّ عَلِيًّا فِي السَّحَابِ، فَلَا نَخْرُجُ مَعَ مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْ وَلَدِهِ حَتَّى يُنَادِيَ مُنَادٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ يُرِيدُ عَلِيًّا أَنَّهُ يُنَادِي اخْرُجُوا مَعَ فُلَانٍ، يَقُولُ جَابِرٌ: «فَذَا تَأْوِيلُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ، وَكَذَبَ، كَانَتْ فِي إِخْوَةِ يُوسُفَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

‘An interpretation has not come to me about these [verses]’. Sufyān said: ‘He lied’. We said to Sufyān: ‘What did he mean by this?’ [Sufyān] said: ‘Indeed the Rāfiḍah say, ‘Alī is in the clouds and we will not emerge along with he who will emerge from his children [the Khalīfah] until a caller calls from the heaven, meaning Alī: ‘Ride out along with so-and-so [meaning the promised Mahdī]’. Jābir said, ‘that is an interpretation for these verses’, and he would lie as they were regarding the brothers of Yūsuf, peace be upon him’.

Narrated by Salamah bin Shabīb narrated to me, al-Humaydī narrated to us, Sufyān narrated to us, he said, I heard a man ask Jābir about the verse: {Thus I will never depart from the land until my father permits me or Allah decides for me, and He is the best of Judges}[Yūsuf: 80]. Jābir said

وحَدَّثَنِي سَلَمَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ: «سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا، يُحَدِّثُ بِنَحْوٍ مِنْ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفَ حَدِيثٍ، مَا أَسْتَحِلُّ أَنْ أَذْكُرَ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا، وَأَنَّ لِي كَذَا وَكَذَا‘قَالَ مُسْلِمٌ: وَسَمِعْتُ أَبَا غَسَّانَ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو الرَّازِيَّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ جَرِيرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ، فَقُلْتُ: الْحَارِثُ بْنُ حَصِيرَةَ لَقِيتَهُ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ، شَيْخٌ طَوِيلُ السُّكُوتِ، يُصِرُّ عَلَى أَمْرٍ عَظِیم

I heard Abū Ghassān Muhammad bin Amr ar-Rāzī say, ‘I asked Jarīr bin Abd il-Hamīd: ‘Did you meet al-Hārith bin Hasīrah? He said: ‘Yes, [he is a] Shaykh of lengthy silence; he persisted in a grave matter.’

Narrated by Salamah narrated to me, al-Humaydī narrated to us, Sufyān narrated to us, he said: ‘I heard Jābir talking about something like 30,000 Ḥadīth [that] I did not regard as permissible to mention anything from, and that to me was like this and that [Ḥadīth].’ Muslim said

حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّوْرَقِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ ذَكَرَ أَيُّوبُ رَجُلاً يَوْمًا فَقَالَ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِمُسْتَقِيمِ اللِّسَانِ وَذَكَرَ آخَرَ فَقَالَ هُوَ يَزِيدُ فِي الرَّقْمِ ‏.‏

"Ayyub mentioned a man one day and said: 'He is not careful about what he says.' And he mentioned another, and said: 'He adds to the number."

Narrated by It was narrated that Hammad bin Zaid said

حَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَيُّوبُ: «إِنَّ لِي جَارًا، ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ، وَلَوْ شَهِدَ عِنْدِي عَلَى تَمْرَتَيْنِ مَا رَأَيْتُ شَهَادَتَهُ جَائِزَةً»

‘Indeed I have a neighbor’ and he mentioned some of his virtues, [and continued] ‘…even if he testified to me about two dates I would not see his testimony as permissible’.

Narrated by Hajjāj bin ash-Shā’ir narrated to me, Sulaymān bin Harb narrated to us, Hammād bin Zayd narrated to us, he said, Ayyūb said

وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، وَحَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، قَالَ: قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَيُّوبَ اغْتَابَ أَحَدًا قَطُّ إِلَّا عَبْدَ الْكَرِيمِ يَعْنِي أَبَا أُمَيَّةَ، فَإِنَّهُ ذَكَرَهُ، فَقَالَ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: كَانَ غَيْرَ ثِقَةٍ، لَقَدْ سَأَلَنِي عَنْ حَدِيثٍ لِعِكْرِمَةَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عِكْرِمَةَ

Muhammad bin Rāfi’ and Hajjāj bin ash-Shā’ir narrated to me, they said Abd ur-Razzāq narrated to us, he said Ma’mar said: ‘I did not see Ayyūb speaking ill of anyone, ever, except for Abd al-Karīm- meaning Abū Umayyah’. So he mentioned him and said, may Allah have mercy on him ‘He is not trustworthy- he had asked me about a Ḥadīth of Ikrimah then said ‘I heard from Ikrimah’ [when relating the Ḥadīth].’

حَدَّثَنِي الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، قَالَ: قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الْأَعْمَى، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ: حَدَّثَنَا الْبَرَاءُ، قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ أَرْقَمَ، فَذَكَرْنَا ذَلِكَ لِقَتَادَةَ، فَقَالَ: «كَذَبَ، مَا سَمِعَ مِنْهُمْ، إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ سَائِلًا يَتَكَفَّفُ النَّاسَ زَمَنَ طَاعُونِ الْجَارِفِ»

Zayd bin Arqam narrated to us’- and he mentioned that [those chains] to Qatādah. [Qatādah] said ‘He lied; he did not hear from them. He would beg the people asking [about Ḥadīth] at the time of the plague’ [circa 67H].

Narrated by Al-Faḍl bin Sahl narrated to me, he said Affān bin Muslim narrated to us, Hammām narrated to us, he said, Abū Dāwud al-A’mā came to us and began saying: ‘Al-Barā’ [bin Āzib, the Companion] narrated to us’; he said: ‘

وحَدَّثَنِي حَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَخْبَرَنَا هَمَّامٌ، قَالَ: دَخَلَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ الْأَعْمَى عَلَى قَتَادَةَ، فَلَمَّا قَامَ، قَالُوا: إِنَّ هَذَا يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ لَقِيَ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ بَدْرِيًّا، فَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: «هَذَا كَانَ سَائِلًا قَبْلَ الْجَارِفِ، لَا يَعْرِضُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ هَذَا، وَلَا يَتَكَلَّمُ فِيهِ، فَوَاللهِ مَا حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ عَنْ بَدْرِيٍّ مُشَافَهَةً، وَلَا حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ بَدْرِيٍّ مُشَافَهَةً، إِلَّا عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ»

‘Indeed this one alleges he has met eighteen of the warriors of the battle of Badr’. Qatādah said: ‘This one was barely asking [about Ḥadīth] before the plague; he did not attend to anything from [seeking Ḥadīth] and he did not speak [to any scholars] regarding it. By Allah, al-Hasan did not narrate to us from a witness of the battle of Badr without an intermediary; and Sa’īd bin al-Musayyib رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌did not narrate to us from a witness of the battle of Badr without an intermediary except from Sa’d bin Mālik ‌رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ'.

Narrated by Hasan bin Alī al-Hulwānī narrated to me, he said Yazīd bin Hārūn narrated to us, Hammām informed us, he said ‘Abū Dāwud al-A’mā entered upon Qatādah and when he stood, they said

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ رَقَبَةَ، «أَنَّ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ الْهَاشِمِيَّ الْمَدَنِيَّ، كَانَ يَضَعُ أَحَادِيثَ كَلَامَ حَقٍّ، وَلَيْسَتْ مِنْ أَحَادِيثِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَكَانَ يَرْوِيهَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم

‘Abū Ja’fa al-Hāshimī al-Madanī was fabricating narrations with words of truth, and they were not from the narrations of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, though he was transmitting them on authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him.’

Narrated by Uthmān bin Abī Shaybah narrated to us, Jarīr narrated to us, on authority of Raqabah that

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا نُعَيْمُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، قَالَ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ: وحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا نُعَيْمُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، قَالَ: «كَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ يَكْذِبُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ»

‘Amr bin Ubayd would lie regarding Ḥadīth’.

Narrated by Al-Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, he said Nu’aym bin Hammād narrated to us, he said Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm bin Muhammad bin Sufyān said; and Muhammad bin Yahyā narrated to us, he said, Nu’aym bin Hammād narrated to us, Abū Dāwud at-Tayālisī narrated to us, on authority of Shu’bah, on authority of Yūnus bin Ubayd, he said

حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ أَبُو حَفْصٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُعَاذَ بْنَ مُعَاذٍ، يَقُولُ: قُلْتُ لِعَوْفِ بْنِ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ: إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ عُبَيْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: «مَنْ حَمَلَ عَلَيْنَا السِّلَاحَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا»، قَالَ: «كَذَبَ وَاللهِ عَمْرٌو، وَلَكِنَّهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَحُوزَهَا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ الْخَبِيثِ»

The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, said: ‘Whoever carries arms against us then he is not from us’. [Awf bin Abī Jamīlah] said ‘Amr lied, by Allah. Rather he intended it as a way to permit his filthy opinion.’

Narrated by Amr bin Alī Abū Hafs narrated to me, he said I heard Mu’ādh bin Mu’ādh saying, I said to Awf bin Abī Jamīlah ‘Indeed Amr bin Ubayd narrated to us on authority of al-Hasan that

وحَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ: كَانَ رَجُلٌ قَدْ لَزِمَ أَيُّوبَ وَسَمِعَ مِنْهُ، فَفَقَدَهُ أَيُّوبُ، فَقَالُوا: يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنَّهُ قَدْ لَزِمَ عَمْرَو بْنَ عُبَيدٍ، قَالَ حَمَّادٌ: فَبَيْنَا أَنَا يَوْمًا مَعَ أَيُّوبَ، وَقَدْ بَكَّرْنَا إِلَى السُّوقِ، فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ الرَّجُلُ، فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ أَيُّوبُ، وَسَأَلَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ أَيُّوبُ: «بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ لَزِمْتَ ذَاكَ الرَّجُلَ»، قَالَ حَمَّادٌ: سَمَّاهُ يَعْنِي عَمْرًا، قَالَ: نَعَمْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنَّهُ يَجِيئُنَا بِأَشْيَاءَ غَرَائِبَ، قَالَ: يَقُولُ لَهُ أَيُّوبُ: «إِنَّمَا نَفِرُّ أَوْ نَفْرَقُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْغَرَائِبِ

‘One day we were with Ayyūb, and we went to the market early in the morning. A man came to meet Ayyūb so he gave Salām to him, asked how he was doing, and then Ayyūb said to him: ‘It reached me that you kept company with that man’. Hammād said: ‘[Ayyūb] designated him, that is to say ‘Amr’.’ [The man] said: ‘Yes, Oh Abā Bakr. Indeed he came to us with strange things [i.e. reports]’. Ayyūb said to him: ‘Indeed we flee…’ or ‘…we fear from these strange things [transmissions]’.

Narrated by Ubayd Allah bin Umar al-Qawārīrī narrated to us, Hammād bin Zayd narrated to us, he said: ‘A man kept company with Ayyūb and listened [to Ḥadīth] from him, but then Ayyūb did not find him [one day]. [When Ayyūb asked, the people] said: ‘Oh Abā Bakr, indeed he keeps company with Amr bin Ubayd [now]’. Hammād said

وحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ زَيْدٍ يَعْنِي حَمَّادًا، قَالَ: قِيلَ لِأَيُّوبَ: إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ عُبَيْدٍ رَوَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَ: لَا يُجْلَدُ السَّكْرَانُ مِنَ النَّبِيذِ، فَقَالَ: كَذَبَ، أَنَا سَمِعْتُ الْحَسَنَ، يَقُولُ: «يُجْلَدُ السَّكْرَانُ مِنَ النَّبِيذِ»

‘There is no flogging the one who gets drunk from Nabīdh’.’ [Ayyūb] said: ‘He lied, for I heard al-Hasan saying, ‘Flog the one who gets drunk from Nabīdh’.’

Narrated by Hajjāj bin ash-Shā’ir narrated to me, Sulaymān bin Harb narrated to us, Ibn Zayd, rather Hammād, narrated to us, he said, it was said to Ayyūb, ‘Indeed Amr bin Ubayd transmitted on authority of al-Hasan that he said

وحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجٌ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ سَلَّامَ بْنَ أَبِي مُطِيعٍ، يَقُولُ: بَلَغَ أَيُّوبَ أَنِّي آتِي عَمْرًا فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ يَوْمًا، فَقَالَ: «أَرَأَيْتَ رَجُلًا لَا تَأْمَنُهُ عَلَى دِينِهِ، كَيْفَ تَأْمَنُهُ عَلَى الْحَدِيثِ؟

I would go to Amr so he turned to me and said: ‘Have you seen a man whose Dīn you do not trust- how do you trust him regarding Ḥadīth?’

Narrated by Hajjāj narrated to me, Sulaymān bin Harb narrated to us, he said, I heard Sallām bin Abī Mutī’ saying, it reached Ayyūb that

وحَدَّثَنِي سَلَمَةُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا مُوسَى، يَقُولُ: «حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْدِثَ»

‘Amr bin Ubayd narrated to us before what happened’ [i.e. before he became Mu’tazilī].

Narrated by Salamah bin Shabīb narrated to me, al-Humaydī narrated to us, Sufyān narrated to us, he said I heard Abū Mūsā [Isrā’īl bin Mūsā al-Basrī] saying

حَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى شُعْبَةَ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ قَاضِي وَاسِطَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ: «لَا تَكْتُبْ عَنْهُ شَيْئًا وَمَزِّقْ كِتَابِي»

‘I wrote to Shu’bah asking him about Abū Shaybah , a judge of Wāsit, so he wrote to me: ‘Do not write anything from him [of Ḥadīth] and tear up my letter [to you about this]’.

Narrated by Ubayd Allah bin Mu’ādh al-Anbarī narrated to me, my father narrated to us, he said

وحَدَّثَنَا الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَفَّانَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثْتُ حَمَّادَ بْنَ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ صَالِحٍ الْمُرِّيِّ بِحَدِيثٍ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، فَقَالَ: «كَذَبَ» وَحَدَّثْتُ هَمَّامًا، عَنْ صَالِحٍ الْمُرِّيِّ، بِحَدِيثٍ، فَقَالَ: «كَذَبَ»

Al-Hulwānī narrated to us, he said, I heard Affān [bin Muslim] say: ‘I narrated to Hammād bin Salamah [bin Dīnār al-Basrī], on authority of Sālih al-Murrī , a Ḥadīth on authority of Thābit [bin Aslam al-Banānī], then [Hammād] said: ‘[Sālih] lied’. I also narrated to Hammām on authority of Sālih al-Murrī a Ḥadīth then [Hammām] said: ‘[Sālih] lied’.

وحَدَّثَنِا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، قَالَ: قَالَ لِي شُعْبَةُ: ائْتِ جَرِيرَ بْنَ حَازِمٍ، فَقُلْ لَهُ: «لَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ أَنْ تَرْوِيَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ فَإِنَّهُ يَكْذِبُ»، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: قُلْتُ لِشُعْبَةَ: وَكَيْفَ ذَاكَ؟ [ص:24] فَقَالَ: «حَدَّثَنَا عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بِأَشْيَاءَ لَمْ أَجِدْ لَهَا أَصْلًا»، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلْحَكَمِ: أَصَلَّى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى قَتْلَى أُحُدٍ؟ فَقَالَ: لَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ: عَنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ مِقْسَمٍ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِمْ وَدَفَنَهُمْ، قُلْتُ لِلْحَكَمِ: مَا تَقُولُ فِي أَوْلَادِ الزِّنَا، قَالَ: يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِمْ، قُلْتُ: مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَنْ يُرْوَى؟ قَالَ: يُرْوَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ، فَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْحَكَمُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْجَزَّارِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ

‘And how do you know that?’ So [Shu’bah] said: ‘He narrated to us on authority of al-Hakam things that were not found to have any basis’. [Abū Dāwud] said: ‘What things?’ [Shu’bah] said, I said to al-Hakam: ‘Did the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, pray over the martyrs of Uhud?’ [al-Hakam] said: ‘He did not pray over them’. Al-Hasan bin Umārah said, on authority of al-Hakam, on authority of Miqsam, on authority of Ibn Abbāsرضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌: ‘Indeed the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, prayed over them and buried them ’. I [Shu’bah] said to al-Hakam: ‘What do you say about the children born from fornication?’ [Al-Hakam] said: ‘Pray over them ’. I [Shu’bah] said: ‘From whose Ḥadīth is it transmitted?’ [Al-Hakam] said: ‘It is transmitted on authority of al-Hasan al-Basrī’.’ Al-Hasan bin Umārah said: ‘Al-Hakam narrated to us, on authority of Yahyā bin al-Jazzār, on authority of Alī رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ.

Narrated by Mahmūd bin Ghaylān narrated to us, Abū Dāwud narrated to us, he said, Shu’bah said to me: ‘Go to Jarīr bin Hāzim and say to him, ‘It is not allowed for you to transmit from al-Hasan bin Umārah for indeed he lies’.’ Abū Dāwud said, I said to Shu’bah

وحَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ يَزِيدَ بْنَ هَارُونَ، وَذَكَرَ زِيَادَ بْنَ مَيْمُونٍ، فَقَالَ: «حَلَفْتُ أَلَّا أَرْوِيَ عَنْهُ شَيْئًا، وَلَا عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَحْدُوجٍ» وَقَالَ: «لَقِيتُ زِيَادَ بْنَ مَيْمُونٍ، فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ حَدِيثٍ، فَحَدَّثَنِي بِهِ عَنْ بَكْرٍ الْمُزَنِيِّ، ثُمَّ عُدْتُ إِلَيْهِ، فَحَدَّثَنِي بِهِ عَنْ مُوَرِّقٍ، ثُمَّ عُدْتُ إِلَيْهِ، فَحَدَّثَنِي بِهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، وَكَانَ يَنْسُبُهُمَا إِلَى الْكَذِبِ‘قَالَ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الصَّمَدِ، «وَذَكَرْتُ عِنْدَهُ زِيَادَ بْنَ مَيْمُونٍ فَنَسَبَهُ إِلَى الْكَذِبِ»

‘I swore that I would not transmit anything from him or Khālid bin Mahdūj’. [Yazīd] said: ‘I met Ziyād bin Maymūn and asked him about a Ḥadīth, so he narrated it to me on authority of Bakr al-Muzanī, then I returned to him and he narrated [the same Ḥadīth] to me on authority of Muwarriq; then I returned to him and he narrated it to me on authority of al-Hasan.’ [Al-Hulwānī said]: ‘He [Yazīd] would charge both of them with lying [i.e. Ziyād bin Maymūn and Khālid bin Mahdūj].’ Al-Hulwānī said: ‘I heard [Ḥadīth] from Abd as-Samad and I mentioned Ziyād bin Maymūn near him and he charged him with lying’.

Narrated by Al-Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, he said, I heard Yazīd bin Hārūn mention Ziyād bin Maymūn, and he said

وحَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيِّ: قَدْ أَكْثَرْتَ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ، فَمَا لَكَ لَمْ تَسْمَعْ مِنْهُ حَدِيثَ الْعَطَّارَةِ الَّذِي رَوَى لَنَا النَّضْرُ بْنُ شُمَيْلٍ؟ قَالَ لِيَ: اسْكُتْ، فَأَنَا لَقِيتُ زِيَادَ بْنَ مَيْمُونٍ، وَعَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ، فَسَأَلْنَاهُ، فَقُلْنَا لَهُ: هَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثُ الَّتِي تَرْوِيهَا عَنْ أَنَسٍ؟ فَقَالَ: أَرَأَيْتُمَا رَجُلًا يُذْنِبُ فَيَتُوبُ، أَلَيْسَ يَتُوبُ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ؟ قَالَ: قُلْنَا: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: مَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ أَنَسٍ مِنْ ذَا قَلِيلًا وَلَا كَثِيرًا، إِنْ كَانَ لَا يَعْلَمُ النَّاسُ فَأَنْتُمَا لَا تَعْلَمَانِ أَنِّي لَمْ أَلْقَ أَنَسًا قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: فَبَلَغَنَا بَعْدُ أَنَّهُ يَرْوِي، فَأَتَيْنَاهُ أَنَا وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، فَقَالَ: أَتُوبُ، ثُمَّ كَانَ بَعْدُ يُحَدِّثُ فَتَرَكْنَاهُ

‘You transmit a great deal on authority of Abbād bin Mansūr - so how is it that you did not hear the Ḥadīth of ‘the lady perfume seller’ from him which an-Naḍr bin Shumayl transmitted to us?’ [Abū Dāwud] said to me: ‘Be quiet, for Abd ar-Rahma bin Mahdī and I met Ziyād bin Maymūn and asked him, saying to him, ‘Are these Ḥadīth you transmit on authority of Anas?’ [Ziyād] said: ‘Have you seen a man sin and then repent- does Allah not turn to him?’ [Abū Dāwud] said: ‘We said, ‘Yes’.’ [Ziyād] said: ‘I did not hear from Anas رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌whether a little or a lot; if the people did not know, then you two would not know that I did not meet Anas رضی ‌اللہ ‌عنہ ‌’. Abū Dāwud said: ‘So it reached us afterwards that he was transmitting [from Anas], then Abd ar-Rahman and I went to him and he said: ‘I repented’. Then afterwards he was narrating [again in the same fashion] so we abandoned him ’.

Narrated by Mahmūd bin Ghaylān narrated to us, he said, I said to Abū Dāwud at-Tayālisī

حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنٌ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ شَبَابَةَ، قَالَ: كَانَ عَبْدُ الْقُدُّوسِ يُحَدِّثُنَا، فَيَقُولُ: سُوَيْدُ بْنُ عَقَلَةَ قَالَ شَبَابَةُ: وَسَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الْقُدُّوسِ، يَقُولُ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُتَّخَذَ الرَّوْحُ عَرْضًا، قَالَ: فَقِيلَ لَهُ: أَيُّ شَيْءٍ هَذَا؟ قَالَ: يَعْنِي تُتَّخَذُ كُوَّةٌ فِي حَائِطٍ لِيَدْخُلَ عَلَيْهِ الرَّوْحُ قَالَ مُسْلِمٌ: وسَمِعْتُ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِيَّ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ حَمَّادَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ، يَقُولُ لِرَجُلٍ بَعْدَ مَا جَلَسَ مَهْدِيُّ بْنُ هِلَالٍ بِأَيَّامٍ: «مَا هَذِهِ الْعَيْنُ الْمَالِحَةُ الَّتِي نَبَعَتْ قِبَلَكُمْ؟» قَالَ: نَعَمْ، يَا أَبَا إِسْمَاعِيلَ.

‘Abd ul-Quddūs was narrating to us saying,‘Suwayd bin Aqalah said…’ [when it should be ‘bin Ghafalah’] Shabābah said: ‘And I heard Abd ul-Quddūs saying, ‘The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, prohibited taking a Rawḥ by accident’. [Shabābah] said: ‘So it was said to him, ‘What does this mean?’ [Abd ul-Quddūs] said: ‘It means to make an opening in a wall [thus letting] a breeze enter [by accident]’.’ [He changed the original Ḥadīth, switching ‘Rūḥ’ meaning ‘soul’ to ‘Rawḥ’ or ‘breeze’, and he switched ‘Gharaḍān’ meaning ‘as a target’ to ‘Arḍān’ or ‘accidentally’. All simply by changing a few letters in the words] Muslim said, I heard Ubayd Allah bin Umar al-Qawārīrī saying, I heard Hammād bin Zayd saying to a man after he sat with Mahdī bin Hilāl for days: ‘What is this salty well [i.e. useless or harmful] which has sprung up in your direction?’ He said: ‘Yes, oh Abā Ismā’īl [in agreement]’.

Narrated by Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, he said, I heard Shabābah say

وحَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَفَّانَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَوَانَةَ، قَالَ: «مَا بَلَغَنِي عَنِ الْحَسَنِ حَدِيثٌ إِلَّا أَتَيْتُ بِهِ أَبَانَ بْنَ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ، فَقَرَأَهُ عَلَيَّ

Al-Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to us, he said, I heard Affān say, I heard Abū Awānah say: ‘A Ḥadīth did not reach me on authority of al-Hasan except I presented it to Abān bin Abī Ayyāsh , then he read it to me ’.

وحَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، قَالَ: «سَمِعْتُ أَنَا وَحَمْزَةُ الزَّيَّاتُ مِنْ أَبَانَ بْنِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ نَحْوًا مِنْ أَلْفِ حَدِيثٍ»، قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: فَلَقِيتُ حَمْزَةَ، فَأَخْبَرَنِي «أَنَّهُ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْمَنَامِ، فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ مَا سَمِعَ مِنْ أَبَانَ، فَمَا عَرَفَ مِنْهَا إِلَّا شَيْئًا يَسِيرًا خَمْسَةً أَوْ سِتَّةً»

‘So I met Hamzah then he informed me that he saw the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah upon him, [in a dream], and he produced for him what he heard from Abān. However he [the Prophet] didn’t recognize any except a small amount [like] five or six [Ḥadīth]’.

Narrated by Suwayd bin Sa’īd narrated to us, Alī bin Mus’hir narrated to us, he said: ‘Hamzah az-Zayyāt and I heard from Abān bin Abī Ayyāsh something like one thousand Ḥadīth’. Alī said

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّارِمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ، قَالَ: قَالَ لِي أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْفَزَارِيُّ: «اكْتُبْ عَنْ بَقِيَّةَ، مَا رَوَى عَنِ الْمَعْرُوفِينَ، وَلَا تَكْتُبْ عَنْهُ مَا رَوَى عَنْ غَيْرِ الْمَعْرُوفِينَ، وَلَا تَكْتُبْ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ، مَا رَوَى عَنِ الْمَعْرُوفِينَ، وَلَا عَنْ غَيْرِهِمْ»

‘Write from Baqiyyah what he transmits on authority of those who are well-known, and do not write from him what he transmits on authority of those who are not; do not write from Ismā’īl bin Ayyāsh what he transmits on authority of those who are well-known or otherwise ’.

Narrated by Abd Allah bin Abd ar-Rahman ad-Dārimī narrated to us, Zakariyyā’ bin Adī informed us, he said, Abū Ishāq al-Fazarī said to me

وحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: «نِعْمَ الرَّجُلُ بَقِيَّةُ لَوْلَا أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُكَنِّي الْأَسَامِيَ، وَيُسَمِّي الْكُنَى، كَانَ دَهْرًا يُحَدِّثُنَا عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْوُحَاظِيِّ فَنَظَرْنَا فَإِذَا هُوَ عَبْدُ الْقُدُّوسِ»

I heard one of the companions of Abdullah [bin al-Mubārak] say, Ibn al-Mubārak said ‘What an excellent man is Baqiyyah, if it were not for the fact that he would provide a nickname for [those who were better-known by] the birth name, and he would provide the birth name for [those who were better-known by] a nickname. For a long time he would narrated to us on authority of Abī Sa’īd al-Wuhāthī, then when we investigated [we were surprised that] he was Abd ul-Quddūs ’.

Narrated by Ishāq bin Ibrāhīm al-Hanthalī [bin Rāhwayh] narrated to us, he said

وحَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَزْدِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّزَّاقِ، يَقُولُ: مَا رَأَيْتُ ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ يُفْصِحُ بِقَوْلِهِ كَذَّابٌ إِلَّا لِعَبْدِ الْقُدُّوسِ، فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لَهُ: «كَذَّابٌ»

‘I did not see Ibn al-Mubārak express so plainly the charge of ‘lying’ except towards Abd ul-Quddūs; for indeed I heard him saying to him ‘[You are] a liar’.’

Narrated by Ahmad bin Yūsuf al-Azdī narrated to me, he said, I heard Abd ar-Razzāq saying

وحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّارِمِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا نُعَيْمٍ، وَذَكَرَ الْمُعَلَّى بْنَ عُرْفَانَ، فَقَالَ: قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو وَائِلٍ، قَالَ: خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ بِصِفِّينَ فَقَالَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ: «أَتُرَاهُ بُعِثَ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ؟»

‘I heard Abū Nu’aym and he mentioned al-Mu’allā bin Urfān, so [Abū Nu’aym] said, [al-Mu’allā] said: ‘Abū Wā’il narrated to us, he said ‘Ibn Mas’ūd attacked us on the day of Siffīn’. So Abū Nu’aym said: ‘Do you think he was raised after death? [Ibn Mas’ūd passed away in 32 or 33H, several years before the day in question]

Narrated by Abdullah bin Abd ar-Rahman ad-Dārimī narrated to me, he said

حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، وَحَسَنٌ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، كِلَاهُمَا عَنْ عَفَّانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ابْنِ عُلَيَّةَ، فَحَدَّثَ رَجُلٌ عَنْ رَجُلٍ، فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ بِثَبْتٍ، قَالَ: فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: اغْتَبْتَهُ، قَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ: «مَا اغْتَابَهُ، وَلَكِنَّهُ حَكَمَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِثَبْتٍ»

‘We were near Ismā’īl bin Ulayyah, and a man narrated on authority of another man, so I said: ‘Indeed this is not reliable (Thabt)’. So the man said: ‘Are you backbiting him?’ Ismā’īl said: ‘He is not backbiting him; rather he is judging him unreliable’.

Narrated by Amr bin Alī and Hasan al-Hulwānī narrated to me, both of them on authority of Affān bin Muslim, he said

وحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الَّذِي يَرْوِي عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، فَقَالَ: «لَيْسَ بِثِقَةٍ»، وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صَالِحٍ، مَوْلَى التَّوْأَمَةِ، فَقَالَ: «لَيْسَ بِثِقَةٍ»، وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ أَبِي الْحُوَيْرِثِ، فَقَالَ: «لَيْسَ بِثِقَةٍ»، وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ الَّذِي رَوَى عَنْهُ ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، فَقَالَ: «لَيْسَ بِثِقَةٍ»، وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ حَرَامِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، فَقَالَ: «لَيْسَ بِثِقَةٍ»، وَسَأَلْتُ مَالِكًا عَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْخَمْسَةِ، فَقَالَ: «لَيْسُوا بِثِقَةٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِمْ»، وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ نَسِيتُ اسْمَهُ، فَقَالَ: «هَلْ رَأَيْتَهُ فِي كُتُبِي؟» قُلْتُ: لَا، قَالَ: «لَوْ كَانَ ثِقَةً لَرَأَيْتَهُ فِي كُتُبِي»

‘He is not trustworthy ‘. I asked him about Sālih, a freed slave of at-Taw’amah, then he said: ‘He is not trustworthy’. I asked him about Abūl-Huwayrith , and he said: ‘He is not trustworthy’. I asked him about Shu’bah on whose authority Ibn Abī Dhi’b transmitted, and he said: ‘He is not trustworthy’. I asked him about Harām bin Uthmān , and he said ‘He is not trustworthy’. I asked Mālik about these five and he said: ‘They are not trustworthy in terms of their Ḥadīth’. I asked him about another man whose name I forget just now, and he said: ‘Did you see him in my book?’ I said: ‘No’. [Then] he said: ‘If he was trustworthy you would see him in my book’.

Narrated by Abū Ja’far ad-Dārimī narrated to us, Bishr bin Umar narrated to us, he said: ‘I asked Mālik bin Anas about Muhammad bin Abd ar-Rahman who transmits on authority of Sa’īd bin al-Musayyib, so he said

وحَدَّثَنِي الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، «عَنْ شُرَحْبِيلَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ وَكَانَ مُتَّهَمًا

Ibn Abī Dhi’b narrated to us on authority of Shurahbīl bin Sa’d , and he was imputed [with lying regarding Ḥadīth near the end of his life]’.

Narrated by Al-Faḍl bin Sahl narrated to me, he said: ‘Yahyā bin Ma’īn narrated to me, Hajjāj narrated to us

وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ قُهْزَاذَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ الطَّالْقَانِيَّ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، يَقُولُ: «لَوْ خُيِّرْتُ بَيْنَ أَنْ أَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ، وَبَيْنَ أَنْ أَلْقَى عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ مُحَرَّرٍ لَاخْتَرْتُ أَنْ أَلْقَاهُ، ثُمَّ أَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ كَانَتْ بَعْرَةٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْهُ

‘If I had to choose between entering Paradise and meeting Abdullah bin Muharrar, I would have chosen to meet him, then enter Paradise. Then when I saw him, dung was more preferred to me than him’.

Narrated by Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Quhzādh narrated to me, he said, I heard Abū Ishāq at-Tālqānī saying, I heard Ibn al-Mubārak saying

وحَدَّثَنِي الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَلِيدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، قَالَ زَيْدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ: «لَا تَأْخُذُوا عَنْ أَخِي

‘Do not take [Ḥadīth] from my brother ’.

Narrated by Al-Faḍl bin Sahl narrated to me, Walīd bin Sālih narrated to us, he said, Ubayd Allah bin Amr said, Zayd- meaning Ibn Abī Unaysah – said

حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّوْرَقِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ الْوَابِصِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الرَّقِّيُّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، قَالَ: «كَانَ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ كَذَّابًا

‘Yahyā bin Abī Unaysah was a liar’.

Narrated by Ahmad bin Ibrāhīm ad-Dawraqī narrated to me, he said, Abd us-Salām al-Wābisī narrated to me, he said, Abdullah bin Ja’far ar-Raqqī narrated to me, on authority of Ubaydullah bin Amr, he said

حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ: ذُكِرَ فَرْقَدٌ عِنْدَ أَيُّوبَ، فَقَالَ: «إِنَّ فَرْقَدًا لَيْسَ صَاحِبَ حَدِيثٍ

‘Indeed Farqad is not a companion of Ḥadīth’.

Narrated by Ahmad bin Ibrāhīm narrated to me, he said, Sulaymān bin Harb narrated to me, on authority of Hammād bin Zayd, he said, Farqad was mentioned near Ayyūb, so he said

وحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الْعَبْدِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانَ، ذُكِرَ عِنْدَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ اللَّيْثِيُّ فَضَعَّفَهُ جِدًّا، فَقِيلَ لِيَحْيَى: أَضْعَفُ مِنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ»، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «مَا كُنْتُ أَرَى أَنَّ أَحَدًا يَرْوِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ

‘More weak than Ya’qūb bin Atā ’?’ He said: ‘Yes’. Then he said: ‘I did not see anyone transmitting on authority of Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Ubayd bin Umayr’.

Narrated by Abd ur-Rahman bin Bishr al-Abdī narrated to me, he said, I heard Muhammad bin Abd Allah bin Ubayd bin Umayr al-Laythī was mentioned near Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān, so he weakened him severely. Then it was said to Yahyā

حَدَّثَنِي بِشْرُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانَ، ضَعَّفَ حَكِيمَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ، وَعَبْدَ الْأَعْلَى، وَضَعَّفَ يَحْيَى بْنَ مُوسَى بْنَ دِينَارٍ قَالَ: «حَدِيثُهُ رِيحٌ». وَضَعَّفَ مُوسَى بْنَ دِهْقَانَ، وَعِيسَى بْنَ أَبِي عِيسَى الْمَدَنِيَّ قَالَ: وَسَمِعْتُ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عِيسَى، يَقُولُ: قَالَ لِي ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: «إِذَا قَدِمْتَ عَلَى جَرِيرٍ فَاكْتُبْ عِلْمَهُ كُلَّهُ إِلَّا حَدِيثَ ثَلَاثَةٍ، لَا تَكْتُبْ حَدِيثَ عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ مُعَتِّبٍ، وَالسَّرِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ»

‘His Ḥadīth are Rīh or ‘wind’ [i.e., not established and weak]. [Yahyā] weakened Mūsā bin Dihqān and Īsā bin Abī Īsā al-Madanī. [Muslim] said, ‘I heard al-Hasan bin Īsā saying ‘Ibn al-Mubārak said to me: ‘When you go to Jarīr then write down all of his knowledge except the Ḥadīth of 3 [people] - do not write the Ḥadīth of Ubaydah bin Mu’attib, as-Sarī bin Ismā’īl, or Muhammad bin Sālim’.’

Narrated by Bishr bin al-Hakam narrated to me, he said, I heard Yahyā bin Sa’īd al-Qattān weaken Hakīm bin Jubayr and Abd al-A’lā; and he weakened Yahyā Mūsā bin Dīnār [there is no ‘bin’ between ‘Yahyā’ and ‘Mūsā’]; [Yahyā] said

حَدَّثَنَا حَبَّانُ بْنُ مُوسَى، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، الأَيْلِيُّ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، قَالَ ابْنُ رَافِعٍ حَدَّثَنَا وَقَالَ الآخَرَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، وَالسِّيَاقُ، حَدِيثُ مَعْمَرٍ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ عَبْدٍ وَابْنِ رَافِعٍ قَالَ يُونُسُ وَمَعْمَرٌ جَمِيعًا عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ أَخْبَرَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ وَعُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ وَعَلْقَمَةُ بْنِ وَقَّاصٍ وَعُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنْ حَدِيثِ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم حِينَ قَالَ لَهَا أَهْلُ الإِفْكِ مَا قَالُوا فَبَرَّأَهَا اللَّهُ مِمَّا قَالُوا وَكُلُّهُمْ حَدَّثَنِي طَائِفَةً مِنْ حَدِيثِهَا وَبَعْضُهُمْ كَانَ أَوْعَى لِحَدِيثِهَا مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَأَثْبَتَ اقْتِصَاصًا وَقَدْ وَعَيْتُ عَنْ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمُ الْحَدِيثَ الَّذِي حَدَّثَنِي وَبَعْضُ حَدِيثِهِمْ يُصَدِّقُ بَعْضًا ذَكَرُوا أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ سَفَرًا أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَ نِسَائِهِ فَأَيَّتُهُنَّ خَرَجَ سَهْمُهَا خَرَجَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَعَهُ - قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ - فَأَقْرَعَ بَيْنَنَا فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا فَخَرَجَ فِيهَا سَهْمِي فَخَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَذَلِكَ بَعْدَ مَا أُنْزِلَ الْحِجَابُ فَأَنَا أُحْمَلُ فِي هَوْدَجِي وَأُنْزَلُ فِيهِ مَسِيرَنَا حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنْ غَزْوِهِ وَقَفَلَ وَدَنَوْنَا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ آذَنَ لَيْلَةً بِالرَّحِيلِ فَقُمْتُ حِينَ آذَنُوا بِالرَّحِيلِ فَمَشَيْتُ حَتَّى جَاوَزْتُ الْجَيْشَ فَلَمَّا قَضَيْتُ مِنْ شَأْنِي أَقْبَلْتُ إِلَى الرَّحْلِ فَلَمَسْتُ صَدْرِي فَإِذَا عِقْدِي مِنْ جَزْعِ ظَفَارِ قَدِ انْقَطَعَ فَرَجَعْتُ فَالْتَمَسْتُ عِقْدِي فَحَبَسَنِي ابْتِغَاؤُهُ وَأَقْبَلَ الرَّهْطُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَرْحَلُونَ لِي فَحَمَلُوا هَوْدَجِي فَرَحَلُوهُ عَلَى بَعِيرِيَ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَرْكَبُ وَهُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنِّي فِيهِ - قَالَتْ - وَكَانَتِ النِّسَاءُ إِذْ ذَاكَ خِفَافًا لَمْ يُهَبَّلْنَ وَلَمْ يَغْشَهُنَّ اللَّحْمُ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلْنَ الْعُلْقَةَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ فَلَمْ يَسْتَنْكِرِ الْقَوْمُ ثِقَلَ الْهَوْدَجِ حِينَ رَحَلُوهُ وَرَفَعُوهُ وَكُنْتُ جَارِيَةً حَدِيثَةَ السِّنِّ فَبَعَثُوا الْجَمَلَ وَسَارُوا وَوَجَدْتُ عِقْدِي بَعْدَ مَا اسْتَمَرَّ الْجَيْشُ فَجِئْتُ مَنَازِلَهُمْ وَلَيْسَ بِهَا دَاعٍ وَلاَ مُجِيبٌ فَتَيَمَّمْتُ مَنْزِلِي الَّذِي كُنْتُ فِيهِ وَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ الْقَوْمَ سَيَفْقِدُونِي فَيَرْجِعُونَ إِلَىَّ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا جَالِسَةٌ فِي مَنْزِلِي غَلَبَتْنِي عَيْنِي فَنِمْتُ وَكَانَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ الْمُعَطَّلِ السُّلَمِيُّ ثُمَّ الذَّكْوَانِيُّ قَدْ عَرَّسَ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْجَيْشِ فَادَّلَجَ فَأَصْبَحَ عِنْدَ مَنْزِلِي فَرَأَى سَوَادَ إِنْسَانٍ نَائِمٍ فَأَتَانِي فَعَرَفَنِي حِينَ رَآنِي وَقَدْ كَانَ يَرَانِي قَبْلَ أَنْ يُضْرَبَ الْحِجَابُ عَلَىَّ فَاسْتَيْقَظْتُ بِاسْتِرْجَاعِهِ حِينَ عَرَفَنِي فَخَمَّرْتُ وَجْهِي بِجِلْبَابِي وَوَاللَّهِ مَا يُكَلِّمُنِي كَلِمَةً وَلاَ سَمِعْتُ مِنْهُ كَلِمَةً غَيْرَ اسْتِرْجَاعِهِ حَتَّى أَنَاخَ رَاحِلَتَهُ فَوَطِئَ عَلَى يَدِهَا فَرَكِبْتُهَا فَانْطَلَقَ يَقُودُ بِي الرَّاحِلَةَ حَتَّى أَتَيْنَا الْجَيْشَ بَعْدَ مَا نَزَلُوا مُوغِرِينَ فِي نَحْرِ الظَّهِيرَةِ فَهَلَكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ فِي شَأْنِي وَكَانَ الَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَىٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ فَقَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ فَاشْتَكَيْتُ حِينَ قَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ شَهْرًا وَالنَّاسُ يُفِيضُونَ فِي قَوْلِ أَهْلِ الإِفْكِ وَلاَ أَشْعُرُ بِشَىْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَهُوَ يَرِيبُنِي فِي وَجَعِي أَنِّي لاَ أَعْرِفُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم اللُّطْفَ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَرَى مِنْهُ حِينَ أَشْتَكِي إِنَّمَا يَدْخُلُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَيُسَلِّمُ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ ‏"‏ كَيْفَ تِيكُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَذَاكَ يَرِيبُنِي وَلاَ أَشْعُرُ بِالشَّرِّ حَتَّى خَرَجْتُ بَعْدَ مَا نَقِهْتُ وَخَرَجَتْ مَعِي أُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ قِبَلَ الْمَنَاصِعِ وَهُوَ مُتَبَرَّزُنَا وَلاَ نَخْرُجُ إِلاَّ لَيْلاً إِلَى لَيْلٍ وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنَّ نَتَّخِذَ الْكُنُفَ قَرِيبًا مِنْ بُيُوتِنَا وَأَمْرُنَا أَمْرُ الْعَرَبِ الأُوَلِ فِي التَّنَزُّهِ وَكُنَّا نَتَأَذَّى بِالْكُنُفِ أَنْ نَتَّخِذَهَا عِنْدَ بُيُوتِنَا فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَأُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ وَهِيَ بِنْتُ أَبِي رُهْمِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ وَأُمُّهَا ابْنَةُ صَخْرِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ خَالَةُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ وَابْنُهَا مِسْطَحُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَأَقْبَلْتُ أَنَا وَبِنْتُ أَبِي رُهْمٍ قِبَلَ بَيْتِي حِينَ فَرَغْنَا مِنْ شَأْنِنَا فَعَثَرَتْ أُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ فِي مِرْطِهَا فَقَالَتْ تَعِسَ مِسْطَحٌ ‏.‏ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا بِئْسَ مَا قُلْتِ أَتَسُبِّينَ رَجُلاً قَدْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا ‏.‏ قَالَتْ أَىْ هَنْتَاهُ أَوَلَمْ تَسْمَعِي مَا قَالَ قُلْتُ وَمَاذَا قَالَ قَالَتْ فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي بِقَوْلِ أَهْلِ الإِفْكِ فَازْدَدْتُ مَرَضًا إِلَى مَرَضِي فَلَمَّا رَجَعْتُ إِلَى بَيْتِي فَدَخَلَ عَلَىَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ ‏"‏ كَيْفَ تِيكُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قُلْتُ أَتَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ آتِيَ أَبَوَىَّ قَالَتْ وَأَنَا حِينَئِذٍ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتَيَقَّنَ الْخَبَرَ مِنْ قِبَلِهِمَا ‏.‏ فَأَذِنَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَجِئْتُ أَبَوَىَّ فَقُلْتُ لأُمِّي يَا أُمَّتَاهْ مَا يَتَحَدَّثُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَتْ يَا بُنَيَّةُ هَوِّنِي عَلَيْكِ فَوَاللَّهِ لَقَلَّمَا كَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ قَطُّ وَضِيئَةٌ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ يُحِبُّهَا وَلَهَا ضَرَائِرُ إِلاَّ كَثَّرْنَ عَلَيْهَا - قَالَتْ - قُلْتُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَقَدْ تَحَدَّثَ النَّاسُ بِهَذَا قَالَتْ فَبَكَيْتُ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ حَتَّى أَصْبَحْتُ لاَ يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ وَلاَ أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ ثُمَّ أَصَبَحْتُ أَبْكِي وَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَأُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ حِينَ اسْتَلْبَثَ الْوَحْىُ يَسْتَشِيرُهُمَا فِي فِرَاقِ أَهْلِهِ - قَالَتْ - فَأَمَّا أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ فَأَشَارَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِالَّذِي يَعْلَمُ مِنْ بَرَاءَةِ أَهْلِهِ وَبِالَّذِي يَعْلَمُ فِي نَفْسِهِ لَهُمْ مِنَ الْوُدِّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هُمْ أَهْلُكَ وَلاَ نَعْلَمُ إِلاَّ خَيْرًا ‏.‏ وَأَمَّا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقَالَ لَمْ يُضَيِّقِ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ وَالنِّسَاءُ سِوَاهَا كَثِيرٌ وَإِنْ تَسْأَلِ الْجَارِيَةَ تَصْدُقْكَ - قَالَتْ - فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَرِيرَةَ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ أَىْ بَرِيرَةُ هَلْ رَأَيْتِ مِنْ شَىْءٍ يَرِيبُكِ مِنْ عَائِشَةَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ لَهُ بَرِيرَةُ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ إِنْ رَأَيْتُ عَلَيْهَا أَمْرًا قَطُّ أَغْمِصُهُ عَلَيْهَا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ أَنَّهَا جَارِيَةٌ حَدِيثَةُ السِّنِّ تَنَامُ عَنْ عَجِينِ أَهْلِهَا فَتَأْتِي الدَّاجِنُ فَتَأْكُلُهُ - قَالَتْ - فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَاسْتَعْذَرَ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَىٍّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ - قَالَتْ - فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ‏"‏ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَنْ يَعْذِرُنِي مِنْ رَجُلٍ قَدْ بَلَغَ أَذَاهُ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي فَوَاللَّهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي إِلاَّ خَيْرًا وَلَقَدْ ذَكَرُوا رَجُلاً مَا عَلِمْتُ عَلَيْهِ إِلاَّ خَيْرًا وَمَا كَانَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَى أَهْلِي إِلاَّ مَعِي ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَامَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَعْذِرُكَ مِنْهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الأَوْسِ ضَرَبْنَا عُنُقَهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ إِخْوَانِنَا الْخَزْرَجِ أَمَرْتَنَا فَفَعَلْنَا أَمْرَكَ - قَالَتْ - فَقَامَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ وَهُوَ سَيِّدُ الْخَزْرَجِ وَكَانَ رَجُلاً صَالِحًا وَلَكِنِ اجْتَهَلَتْهُ الْحَمِيَّةُ فَقَالَ لِسَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ كَذَبْتَ لَعَمْرُ اللَّهِ لاَ تَقْتُلُهُ وَلاَ تَقْدِرُ عَلَى قَتْلِهِ ‏.‏ فَقَامَ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ فَقَالَ لِسَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ كَذَبْتَ لَعَمْرُ اللَّهِ لَنَقْتُلَنَّهُ فَإِنَّكَ مُنَافِقٌ تُجَادِلُ عَنِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فَثَارَ الْحَيَّانِ الأَوْسُ وَالْخَزْرَجُ حَتَّى هَمُّوا أَنْ يَقْتَتِلُوا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَائِمٌ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُخَفِّضُهُمْ حَتَّى سَكَتُوا وَسَكَتَ - قَالَتْ - وَبَكَيْتُ يَوْمِي ذَلِكَ لاَ يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ وَلاَ أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ ثُمَّ بَكَيْتُ لَيْلَتِي الْمُقْبِلَةَ لاَ يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ وَلاَ أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ وَأَبَوَاىَ يَظُنَّانِ أَنَّ الْبُكَاءَ فَالِقٌ كَبِدِي فَبَيْنَمَا هُمَا جَالِسَانِ عِنْدِي وَأَنَا أَبْكِي اسْتَأْذَنَتْ عَلَىَّ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ فَأَذِنْتُ لَهَا فَجَلَسَتْ تَبْكِي - قَالَتْ - فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ - قَالَتْ - وَلَمْ يَجْلِسْ عِنْدِي مُنْذُ قِيلَ لِي مَا قِيلَ وَقَدْ لَبِثَ شَهْرًا لاَ يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ فِي شَأْنِي بِشَىْءٍ - قَالَتْ - فَتَشَهَّدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حِينَ جَلَسَ ثُمَّ قَالَ ‏"‏ أَمَّا بَعْدُ يَا عَائِشَةُ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي عَنْكِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَإِنْ كُنْتِ بَرِيئَةً فَسَيُبَرِّئُكِ اللَّهُ وَإِنْ كُنْتِ أَلْمَمْتِ بِذَنْبٍ فَاسْتَغْفِرِي اللَّهَ وَتُوبِي إِلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا اعْتَرَفَ بِذَنْبٍ ثُمَّ تَابَ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ فَلَمَّا قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَقَالَتَهُ قَلَصَ دَمْعِي حَتَّى مَا أُحِسُّ مِنْهُ قَطْرَةً فَقُلْتُ لأَبِي أَجِبْ عَنِّي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِيمَا قَالَ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَقُولُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُلْتُ لأُمِيِّ أَجِيبِي عَنِّي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَتْ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَقُولُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُلْتُ وَأَنَا جَارِيَةٌ حَدِيثَةُ السِّنِّ لاَ أَقْرَأُ كَثِيرًا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ إِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّكُمْ قَدْ سَمِعْتُمْ بِهَذَا حَتَّى اسْتَقَرَّ فِي نُفُوسِكُمْ وَصَدَّقْتُمْ بِهِ فَإِنْ قُلْتُ لَكُمْ إِنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ لاَ تُصَدِّقُونِي بِذَلِكَ وَلَئِنِ اعْتَرَفْتُ لَكُمْ بِأَمْرٍ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ لَتُصَدِّقُونَنِي وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ مَا أَجِدُ لِي وَلَكُمْ مَثَلاً إِلاَّ كَمَا قَالَ أَبُو يُوسُفَ فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ وَاللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَى مَا تَصِفُونَ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ ثُمَّ تَحَوَّلْتُ فَاضْطَجَعْتُ عَلَى فِرَاشِي - قَالَتْ - وَأَنَا وَاللَّهِ حِينَئِذٍ أَعْلَمُ أَنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ مُبَرِّئِي بِبَرَاءَتِي وَلَكِنْ وَاللَّهِ مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّ أَنْ يُنْزَلَ فِي شَأْنِي وَحْىٌ يُتْلَى وَلَشَأْنِي كَانَ أَحْقَرَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيَّ بِأَمْرٍ يُتْلَى وَلَكِنِّي كُنْتُ أَرْجُو أَنْ يَرَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي النَّوْمِ رُؤْيَا يُبَرِّئُنِي اللَّهُ بِهَا قَالَتْ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا رَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَجْلِسَهُ وَلاَ خَرَجَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ أَحَدٌ حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَخَذَهُ مَا كَانَ يَأْخُذُهُ مِنَ الْبُرَحَاءِ عِنْدَ الْوَحْىِ حَتَّى إِنَّهُ لَيَتَحَدَّرُ مِنْهُ مِثْلُ الْجُمَانِ مِنَ الْعَرَقِ فِي الْيَوْمِ الشَّاتِ مِنْ ثِقَلِ الْقَوْلِ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ - قَالَتْ - فَلَمَّا سُرِّيَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَهُوَ يَضْحَكُ فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ كَلِمَةٍ تَكَلَّمَ بِهَا أَنْ قَالَ ‏"‏ أَبْشِرِي يَا عَائِشَةُ أَمَّا اللَّهُ فَقَدْ بَرَّأَكِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالَتْ لِي أُمِّي قُومِي إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَقُومُ إِلَيْهِ وَلاَ أَحْمَدُ إِلاَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ بَرَاءَتِي - قَالَتْ - فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ‏{‏ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ جَاءُوا بِالإِفْكِ عُصْبَةٌ مِنْكُمْ‏}‏ عَشْرَ آيَاتٍ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ هَؤُلاَءِ الآيَاتِ بَرَاءَتِي - قَالَتْ - فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَكَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى مِسْطَحٍ لِقَرَابَتِهِ مِنْهُ وَفَقْرِهِ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا أَبَدًا بَعْدَ الَّذِي قَالَ لِعَائِشَةَ ‏.‏ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ‏{‏ وَلاَ يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبَى‏}‏ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ‏{‏ أَلاَ تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ‏}‏ قَالَ حِبَّانُ بْنُ مُوسَى قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ هَذِهِ أَرْجَى آيَةٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لأُحِبُّ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لِي ‏.‏ فَرَجَعَ إِلَى مِسْطَحٍ النَّفَقَةَ الَّتِي كَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ لاَ أَنْزِعُهَا مِنْهُ أَبَدًا ‏.‏ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم سَأَلَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ جَحْشٍ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنْ أَمْرِي ‏"‏ مَا عَلِمْتِ أَوْ مَا رَأَيْتِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَحْمِي سَمْعِي وَبَصَرِي وَاللَّهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ إِلاَّ خَيْرًا ‏.‏ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَهِيَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ تُسَامِينِي مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَعَصَمَهَا اللَّهُ بِالْوَرَعِ وَطَفِقَتْ أُخْتُهَا حَمْنَةُ بِنْتُ جَحْشٍ تُحَارِبُ لَهَا فَهَلَكَتْ فِيمَنْ هَلَكَ ‏.‏ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فَهَذَا مَا انْتَهَى إِلَيْنَا مِنْ أَمْرِ هَؤُلاَءِ الرَّهْطِ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ فِي حَدِيثِ يُونُسَ احْتَمَلَتْهُ الْحَمِيَّةُ ‏.‏

Sa'id bin Musayyib, 'Urwa bin Zubair, 'Alqama bin Waqqas and 'Ubaidullah bin Abdullah bin 'Utba bin Mas'ud--all of them reported the story of the false allegation against 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا , the wife of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ). And they (the slanderers) said what they had to say, but Allah exonerated her of this charge and all of them reported a part of the hadith and some of them who had better memories reported more and with better retention, and I tried to retain this hadith (listening) from every one of them that they reported to me and some of them attested the other. (The sumaried substance of the false allegation is this): 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said: Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) intended to set out on a journey he cast lots amongst his wives and he took one with him in whose favour the lot was cast. It so happened that he cast lots amongst us while setting out on a battle and it was cast in my favour, so I set out along with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). This relates to the period when the revelation concerning the commands of veil had been made. I was carried in a haudaj and I was brought down where we had to stay. In short, when we set out for return journey from the expedition and our caravan was near Medina, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) commanded one night to march forward. I also got up when the command for the march was given and moved on until I went out of the encampments of the army and after relieving myself I came to my place. I touched my chest and found that my necklace which had been made of the stones of zafar had been broken. I retraced my steps and tried to search my necklace and this detained me there. The group of people who saddled my ride and placed my haudaj carrying me upon the camels marched on. They were under the impression that I was in it. The women in those days were light of weight and they did not wear much flesh, as they ate less food; so they did not perceive the weight of my haudaj as they placed it upon the camel as I was a young girl at that time. So they drove the camel and Eet out and I found my necklace after the army had marched. I came to my place and there was none to call and none to respond (the call). I waited at my place under the impression that when the people would riot find me they would come back. So I kept sitting at my place. I was overpowered by sleep and slept. Safwan bin Mu'attal Sulami Dhakwini, who had lagged behind the army because of taking rest came to my place walking in the latter part of the night and he saw the body of a person who was asleep. He came to me and recognised me as he had seen rue before it was enjoined to observe purda. I got ap by his voice as he recited Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi raji'un [we are for Allah and to Him we have to return. ] and I covered my head with my headdress. By Allah, he did not speak to me a word and I did not hear a word from him except Inna lillahi. He made his camel kneel down and I amounted the camel as he pressed tLe camel's foreleg and he moved on leaning the camel by the nose string on which I was riding until we came to the army where it had encamped for rest because of extreme heat. Woe be upon those who harboured doubts about me and the most notorious among them was 'Abdullah bin Ubayy, the great hypocrite. We came to Medina and I fell sick for a month. The people had been deliberating over the statements of those who had brought these calumnies against me. I was absolutely unaware of anything concerning that. This, however, caused doubt in my mind that I did not see Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him.) treating me with such kindness with which he treated me as I fell ill before this. The Prophet (ﷺ) would coome and greet me with Assalam-o-'Alaikum and only ask me how I was. This caused doubt in my mind, but I was unaware of the evil. I wept outside despite my failing health and there went along with me Umm Mistah رضی اللہ عنہا and she said the daughter of Abu Rhm bin Muttalib bin 'Abd Manaf and his mother was the daughter of Sakhr bin 'Amir, the sister of the mother of Abu Bakr Sidiq and his son was Mistah bin Uthatha bin 'Abbad bin Muttalib. I and the daughter of Abu Rahm set towards the direction of my house. Something got into the head dress of Umm Mistah رضی اللہ عنہا and she said: Woe be upon Mistah. And I said. Woe be upon what you say. Do you curse people who had participated in Badr? She said: Innocent woman, have you not heard what he said? I said: What did he say? She conveyed to me the statement of those who had brought false allegations against me. So my illness was aggravated. I went to my house and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to me and he greeted me and then said: How is that woman? I said: Do you permit me to go to the (house) of my parents? She (further) said: I had at that time made up my mind to confirm this news from them. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) permitted me. So I came to (the house of) my parents and said to my mother: Mother, do you know what the people are talking about? She said: My daughter, you should not worry. By Allah, if there is a handsome woman who is loved by her husband and he has co-wives also they talk many a thing about her. I said: Hallowed be Allah, what are the people talking about? I wept during the whole night until it was morning and I did not have a wink of sleep and I wept even in the morning. As the revelation was delayed (in regard to this matter), so Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) called 'Ali ibn Abi 'Talib and Usama bin Zaid in order to seek their advice in regard to the separation of his wife. Usama bin Zaid told Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) about the innocence of his wives and what he knew about his love for them. He said: Allah's Messenger, they are your wives and we know nothing else about them but goodness. And as for 'Ali bin Abu Talib, he said: Allah has not put any unnecessary burden upon you (in regard to your wives). There are a number of women besides her and if you ask that maidservant (Barira رضی اللہ عنہا ) she will tell you the truth. So, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) called Barira رضی اللہ عنہا and said: Barira رضی اللہ عنہا , did you see anything in 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا which can cause doubt about her? Barira رضی اللہ عنہا said: By Him Who sent thee with the truth, I have seen nothing objectionable in her but only this much that she is a young girl and she goes to sleep while kneading the flour and the lamb eats that. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) mounted the pulpit and sought vindication against 'Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul, and he further said: Who would exonerate me from imputations of that person who has troubled (me) in regard to my family? By Allah, I find nothing in my wife but goodness and the person whom the people have mentioned in this connection is, according to my knowledge, a thoroughly pious person, and he did never get into my house but along with me. Sa'd bin Mu'adh stood up and said: Allah's Messenger, I defend your honour against him. If he belong to the tribe of Aus we would strike his neck and if he belongs to the tribe of our brother Khazraj and you order us we would comply with your order. Then Sa'd bin 'Ubada stood up. He was chief of the Khazraj tribe. He was otherwise a pioas man but he had some what tribal partisanship in him and he said to Sa'd bin Mu'adh: By the everlasting existence of Allah. you are not stating the fact, you will not be able to kill him and you will not have the power to do so. Thereupon, Usaid bin Hudair stood up, and he was the first cousin of Sa'd bin Mu'adh and said to Sa'd bin 'Ubada: By the everlasting existence of Allah, you are not stating the fact. We would kill him. You are a hypocrite and so you argue in defence of the hypocrites, and thus both the tribes Aus and Khazraj were flared up, until they were about to fall upon one another and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) kept standing upon the pulpit and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) tried to subside their anger until they became silent and thus there was silence. 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا further reported: I spent the whole day in weeping and even the night and could not have a wink of sleep even next night. My parents thought that this constant weeping of mine would break my heart. I wept and they sat beside me. In the meanwhile a woman of the Ansar came to see me. I permitted her to see me and she also began to weep. And we were in this very state that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came and he greeted me and then sat down. He had never sat with me since a month when this rumour was afloat, and there was no revelation (to clarity) my case. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) recited Tashahhud (there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His Apostle) and then said: Coming to the point, 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا , this is what has reached me about you and if you are innocent, Allah would Himself vindicate your honour, and if accidentally there has been a lapse on your part seek forgiveness of Allah; He will pardon thee for when a servant makes a confession of his fault and turns (to Him) penitently, Allah also turns to him (mercifully) accepting his repentance. When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) talked, my tears dried up and not even a single drop of tear was perceived by me (rolling out of my eyes). I said to my father: You give a reply to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) on my behalf. He said: By Allah, I do not know what I should say to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). I then said to my mother: Give a reply to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) on my behalf, but she said: By Allah, I do not know what I should say to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). I was a small girl at that time and I had not read much of the Qur'an (but I said): By Allah, I perceive that you have heard about this and it has settled down in your mind and you have taken it to be true, so if I say to you that I am quite innocent, and Allah knows that I am innocent, you would never believe me to be true, and if I confess to (the alleged) lapse before you, whereas Allah knows that I am completely innocent (and I have not committed this sin at all), in that case You will take me to be true and, by Allah, I, therefore, find no other alternative for me and for you except that what the father of Yousuf said:, (My course is) comely patience. And Allah it is Whose help is to be sought for in that (predicament) which ye describe" (xii 18). After this I turned my face to the other side and lay down on my bed. By Allah, I was fully aware of this fact that I was innocent but I did not expect that Allah would descend Wahy Matlu (Qur'anic Wahy) in my case as I did not think myself so much important that Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, would speak in this matter in words to be recited. I only hoped that Allah would in vision give an indication of my innocence to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) during his sleep. And, by Allah, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had not moved an inch from where he had been sitting and none from the members of my family had gone that Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, descended revelation upon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) there and then and he felt the burden which he used to feel at the time of receiving revelation. He began to perspire because of the burden of words of Allah as they descended upon him even during the winter season and there fell the drops of his sweat like silvery beads. When this state of receiving revelation was over, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) smiled and the first words which he spoke to me were that he said: 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا , there is glad tidings for you. Verily, Allah has vindicated your honour, and my mother who had been standing by me said: Get up (and thank him, i. e. the Holy Prophet). I said: By Allah, I shall not thank him and laud him but Allah Who has descended revelation vindicating my honour. She ('A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا ) said: Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, revealed:" 'Verily, those who spread the slander are a gang among you" (and) ten (subsequent) verses in regard to my innocence. She further said: Abu Bakr رضی اللہ عنہ used to give to Mistah رضی اللہ عنہ (some stipend) as a token of kinship with him and for his poverty and he (Abu Bakr رضی اللہ عنہ ) said: By Allah, now I would not spend anything for him. 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said: It was upon this that Allah the Exalted and Glorious revealed this verse:" And let not those who possess dignity and ease among you swear to give to the near of the kin" up to" Yearn ye not that Allah may forgive you?" Hibban bin Musa' said that 'Abdullah bin Mubarak used to say: It is a verse contained in the Book which most (eminently) brightens the hope. Abu Bakr رضی اللہ عنہ said: By Allah, I wish that Allah should pardon me. I shall never stop this stipend. So he continued to give him the stipend which he had withdrawn. 'A'isha رضی اللہ عنہا said that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) asked Zainab, daughter of Jahsh, the wife of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ), about me what she knew or what she had seen in me, and she said: Allah's Messenger, I shall not say anything without hearing (with my ears) and seeing with my eyes. By Allah, I find nothing in her but goodness. (And she stated this in spite of the fact) that she was the only lady who amongst the wives of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) used to vie with me but Allah saved her in bringing false allegation against me because of her God-consciousness. Her sister Hamna bint Jahsh, however, opposed her and she was undone along with others. Zuhri said: This (event) has reached us from all of them (narrators). In the hadith of Yunus (referring to Hazrat Saad bin Ubadah (رضی اللہ عنہ) it is stated: Saad bin Ubadah (رضی اللہ عنہ) was incited by (tribal) hatred.

Narrated by It was narrated from Az-Zuhri